(2,929 words)
Abstract: Alterity has become a central concept especially in ethics (Lévinas), psychoanalysis (Lacan, Kristeva), deconstruction (Derrida), postcolonial (Said, Bhabha, Spivak) and gender studies (Cixous, Irigaray, Butler), discourse analysis (Foucault), and in disciplines methodologically influenced by the “spatial turn” (de Certeau). It is conceived either as radical other which disrupts any epistemology and demands to accept fundamental heterogeneity, or as intricately related to and a complementary term for “identity.” Influenced by Marx, Nietzsche, and Freud, many twentieth-century theories assume “the place of the other” — a place constructed by theoretical premises — in order to question and subvert naturalized assumptions of occidental thinking in various disciplines. ⸙
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(2,929 words)