by Th.E. van Bochove / University of Groningen

Sections:

I. Preliminary works, story, and completion of the Groningen Basilica edition

II. Consulting, reading, and quoting the Basilica cum scholiis

III. Evaluation and significance of the Basilica cum scholiis

IV. Critical editions of texts relating to the Basilica and recently discovered Basilica testimonies

V. Manuscript tradition of the Basilica cum scholiis

VI. Studies pertaining to the the Basilica cum scholiis

VII. Legal education and antecessores

I. Preliminary works, story, and completion of the Groningen Basilica edition

Preliminary works:

1. H.J. Scheltema, Opera minora ad iuris historiam pertinentia, (collegerunt N. van der Wal, J.H.A. Lokin, B.H. Stolte, Roos Meijering), Groningen 2004
   Various studies collected in this volume
   2. ‘Probleme der Basiliken’, pp. 170-188 (original publication: Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 16 (1939), pp. 320-346)
   3. Opmerkingen over Grieksche bewerkingen van Latijnsche Juridische bronnen, pp. 189-202 (original publication: Openbare les gehouden bij den aanvang zijner lessen als Privaat Docent in het Byzantijnsche recht aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op Dinsdag 16 April 1940, Zwolle 1940)
   4. ‘De antiquae iurisprudentiae reliquiis in libris Byzantinis oblectamentum’, pp. 203-232 (original publication: Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 17 (1941), pp. 412-456)

5. N. van der Wal, Les commentaires grecs du Code de Justinien, ’s-Gravenhage 1953

Story and completion

6. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘Habent sua fata Basilica. On the Occasion of the Completion of the Groningen Basilica Edition’, Subseciva Groningana III (1989) (Proceedings of the Symposium on the Occasion of the Completion of a New Edition of the Basilica, Groningen, 1 – 4 June, 1988), pp. 1-10 (= J.H.A. Lokin,  Analecta Groningana ad ius graeco-romanum pertinentia, (edited by Th.E. van Bochove), Groningen 2010, pp. 201-209)

II. Consulting, reading, and quoting the Basilica cum scholiis

General studies:

7. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘The Great Codification. The Basilica cum scholiis and their immediate precursor(s)’, in E. Papagianni (ed.), Das byzantinische Recht von der Einweihung Konstantinopels (330) bis zum Ende der makedonischen Epoche (1056), to be published in the series Brill’s Companions tot he Byzantine World (Series editor: Wolfram Brandes), in particular § 3 – § 6
8. H. de Jong, Video containing a presentation of the Basilica cum scholiis on the site http://www.kaltura.com/tiny/u03zg
9. H. de Jong, ‘Using the Basilica’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschich-te, romanistische Abteilung 133 (2016), pp. 286-321

How to distinguish between the older and the younger Basilica scholia:

10. Van Bochove, ‘The Great Codification’ (No. [7] above), § 13
11. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘The Basilica between Quellenforschung and Textual Criticism’, in J. Signes Codoñer/I. Pérez Martín (eds.), Textual Transmission in Byzantium: between Textual Criticism and Quellenforschung, (Lectio. Studies in the Transmission of Texts & Ideas, 2), Turnhout 2014, pp. 539-575 (543-546)
12. De Jong, Video (No. [8] above)
13. De Jong, ‘Using the Basilica’ (No. [9] above), pp. 305-311 (older scholia), and 311-313 (younger scholia)
14. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. III. Die Verweisungen bei den frühbyzantinischen Rechtsgelehrten’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 30 (1962), pp. 355-357 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 116-118)
15. B.H. Stolte, ‘Further to understanding the marginal gloss of the corrector ordinarius in the codex Florentinus on fol. 439r’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 73 (2005), pp. 385-389 (386-387)
16. N. van der Wal, ‘Ἀνάγνωσμα yet again’, Subseciva Groningana VIII (2009), 167-170 (167-168)

Subsidia

It goes without saying that the most important subsidia for consulting the Basilica cum scholiis are B.H. Stolte’s Online Praefatio and the respective front matter of each volume of both the Series A (Textus) and the Series B (Scholia) of the edition. It concerns:

• A I (1955; text of the books I-VIII), pp. v-xviii
• A II (1956; text of the books IX-XVI), pp. v-xx
• A III (1960; text of the books XVII-XXV), pp. v-xiv
• A IV (1962; text of the books XXVI-XXXIV), pp. v-xi
• A V (1967; text of the books XXXV-XLII), pp. v-xiii
• A VI (1969; text of the books XLIII-LII), pp. v-xiii
• A VII (1974; text of the books LIII-LIX), pp. v-xxvi
• A VIII (1988; text of book LX), pp. v-xxiv.
• And in the B series:
• B I (1953; scholia on the books I-XI), pp. v-xiii
• B II (1954; scholia on the books XII-XIV), pp. v-xii
• B III (1957; scholia on the books XV-XX), pp. v-xiv
• B IV (1959; scholia on the books XXI-XXIII), pp. v-viii
• B V (1961; scholia on the books XXIV-XXX), pp. v-viii
• B VI (1964; scholia on the books XXXVIII-XLII,1), pp. v-viii
• B VII (1965; scholia on the books XLII,2-XLVIII), pp. v-viii
• B VIII (1983; scholia on the books LVIII-LX,16), pp. v-xi
• B IX (1985; scholia on book LX,17-69), pp. v-viii.

Equally important are the indices and tables of contents at the end of every volume. All this material is now easily accessible via the Online edition of the Basilica cum scholiis. Further subsidia are:

1) Heimbach’s Prolegomena and Manuale Basilicorum

The value of these works is limited, as they are entirely based on Heimbach’s nineteenth-century Basilica edition. Moreover, many of Heimbach’s views have been superseded by modern research. Therefore, the Prolegomena and the Manuale are to be consulted with due caution.

17. K.W.E. Heimbach (ed.), Basilicorum libri LX. Post Annibalis Fabroti curas ope codicum manuscriptorum a Gustavo Ernesto Heimbachio aliisque collatorum integriores cum scholiis edidit, editos denuo recensuit, deperditos restituit, translationem latinam et adnotationem criticam adiecit...
    Tomus VI: Prolegomena et Manuale Basilicorum continens, Lipsiae 1870 (partial reprint Amsterdam 1962)

2) Heimbach’s Latin translation of the Basilica

As this translation accompanies Heimbach’s own nineteenth-century Basilica edition, it must be used with due caution.

18. K.W.E. Heimbach (ed.), Basilicorum libri LX. Post Annibalis Fabroti curas ope codicum manuscriptorum a Gustavo Ernesto Heimbachio aliisque collatorum integriores cum scholiis edidit, editos denuo recensuit, deperditos restituit, translationem latinam et adnotationem criticam adiecit...
19. Tomus I: libros I – XII continens, Lipsiae 1833
20. Tomus II: libros XIII – XXIII continens, Lipsiae 1840
21. Tomus III: libros XXIV-XXXVIII continens, Lipsiae 1843
22. Tomus IV: libros XXXIX-XLVIII continens, Lipsiae 1846
23. Tomus V: libros XLIX-LX continens, Lipsiae 1850

3) English translation of the Basilica cum scholiis

Very recently, the Department of Legal History of the Faculty of Law of Groningen University embarked upon a new research project ultimately aiming at legally disclosing the Basilica cum scholiis. The project will eventually also result in a translation of the Basilica cum scholiis into English, and in a lexicon containing legal technical terms occurring in both the Basilica text and the scholia.

24. Translation of the Basilica cum scholiis into English, and a lexicon of legal technical terms occurring in the Basilica text and scholia (work in progress)

4) Modern translations of Justinian’s Corpus Iuris Civilis

It concerns translations of the sources underlying the Basilica text: the Code, the Digest, and the Novels. Only the most recent translations have been taken into account.

English translation:

25. B.W. Frier (ed.), The Codex of Justinian. A New Annotated Translation, with Parallel Latin and Greek Text. Based on a Translation by Justice Fred H. Blume, Cambridge 2016
26. Volume I: Introductory Matter and Books I-III
27. Volume II: Books IV-VII
28. Volume III: Books VIII-XII
29. A. Watson (ed.), The Digest of Justinian, 4 vols., (University of Pennsylvania Press), Philadelphia 1985 (revised English-language edition in two volumes, Philadelphia 1998)
30. English translation of the Novels of Justinian, compiled by Justice Fred H. Blume and edited by Timothy Kearly. Both editions of this translation are accessible via the following website: http://www.uwyo.edu/lawlib/justinian-novels/

Dutch translation:

31. J.E. Spruit et alii (red.), Corpus iuris civilis. Tekst en Vertaling.
32. I: Institutiones, Zutphen / ’s-Gravenhage 1993
33. II: Digesta I – X, Zutphen / ’s-Gravenhage 1994
34. III: Digesta XI – XXIV, Zutphen / ’s-Gravenhage 1996
35. IV: Digesta XXV – XXXIV, Zutphen / ’s-Gravenhage 1997
36. V: Digesta XXXV – XLII, Zutphen / ’s-Gravenhage 2000
37. VI: Digesta XLIII – L, Zutphen / ’s-Gravenhage 2001
38. VII: Codex Justinianus I – III, Amsterdam 2005
39. VIII: Codex Justinianus IV – VIII, Amsterdam 2007
40. IX: Codex Justinianus IX – XII, Amsterdam 2010
41. X: Novellae I – L, Amsterdam 2011
42. XI: Novellae LI – CXIV, Amsterdam 2011
43. XII: Novellae CXV – CLXVIII, Amsterdam 2011

German translation (work in progress):

44. O. Behrends, R. Knütel et alii (Hrsg.), Corpus Iuris Civilis. Text und Übersetzung.
    45. I. Institutionen, Heidelberg 1997² (2013⁴)
    46. II. Digesten 1 – 10, Heidelberg 1995
    47. III. Digesten 11 – 20, Heidelberg 1999
    48. IV. Digesten 21 – 27, Heidelberg 2005
    49. V. Digesten 28 – 34, Heidelberg 2012

5) Lexica

There is as yet no special lexicon covering all legal termini technici occurring in the Basilica cum scholiis. However, the following lexica may offer assistance. See also the section Legal language and technical terms below.

50. I. Avotins, On the Greek of the Code of Justinian. A Supplement to Liddell-Scott-Jones together with Observations on the Influence of Latin on Legal Greek, (Altertums-wissenschaftliche Texte und Studien, Band 17), Hildesheim / Zürich / New York 1989
51. I. Avotins, On the Greek of the Novels of Justinian. A Supplement to Liddell-Scott-Jones together with Observations on the Influence of Latin on Legal Greek, (Altertums-wissenschaftliche Texte und Studien, Band 21), Hildesheim / Zürich / New York 1992
52. A. Berger, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law, (Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, n.s. 43/2 (1953), pp. 335-809), Philadelphia 1953 (repr. 1991, 2002, 2014)
53. H.G. Heumann / E. Seckel, Handlexikon zu den Quellen des römischen Rechts, Graz 1971 (eleventh printing)
54. G.W.H. Lampe, A Patristic Greek Lexicon, Oxford 1961 (repr. 1995)
55. H.G. Liddell / R. Scott / H. Stuart Jones, A Greek – English Lexicon, Oxford 1940⁹ (with a Revised Supplement, edited by P.G.W. Glare, Oxford 1996)[1]
56. J. Signes Codoñer / J.D. Rodríguez Martín / F.J. Andrés Santos (redacción y coordinación), Diccionario jurídico bizantino Griego-Español. Sobre la base de la Introducción al derecho del patriarca Focio y de las Novelas de León VI el Sabio (forthcoming)
57. E.A. Sophocles, Greek Lexicon of the Roman and Byzantine Periods from B.C. 146 to A.D. 1100, New York 1887 (repr. Cambridge 1914; Hildesheim 1975, 1992; Kessinger Publishing 2004)
58. E. Trapp et alii (Hrsg.), Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.–12. Jahrhunderts[2] (work in progress)
    59. Verzeichnis der Abkürzungen, Wien 2001
    60. 1. Band Α-Κ (Faszikel 1 bis 4), (Österreichische Akademie der Wissen-schaften, philosophisch-historische Klasse. Denkschriften, 238., 250., 276., 293. Band. Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für Byzantinistik, Band VI/1–4), Wien 2001
    61. 5. Faszikel (λ – παλιάνθρωπος), (Österreichische Akademie der Wissen-schaften, philosophisch-historische Klasse. Denkschriften, 326. Band. Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für Byzantinistik, Band VI/5), Wien 2005
    62. 6. Faszikel (παλιγγενεσία – προσπελαγίζω) (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, philosophisch-historische Klasse. Denkschriften, 352. Band. Veröffentlichungen zur Byzanzforschung, Band VI/6), Wien 2007
    63. 7. Faszikel (προσπέλασις – ταριχευτικός) (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, philosophisch-historische Klasse. Denkschriften, 417. Band. Veröffentlichungen zur Byzanzforschung, Band VI/7), Wien 2011
    • 8. Faszikel (ταριχευτικῶς – ὤχρωμα), (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, philosophisch-historische Klasse. Denkschriften, 494. Band. Veröffentlichungen zur Byzanzforschung, Band VI/8), Wien 2017

6) Byzantinische Zeitschrift

An important subsidiary is provided by the Byzantinische Zeitschrift which appears every year in two issues. Every issue contains a bibliographical part styled III. Abteilung. Bibliographische Notizen und Mitteilungen, which also covers Byzantine law: 10. Byzantinisches Recht. Within this section, in particular under the heading B. Weltliches Recht, b. Texte und Literatur zu Quellen, literature can be found that has not been incorporated into the present Basilica Online Bibliography.

64. Byzantinische Zeitschrift (every issue, twice every year), III. Abteilung. Biblio-graphische Notizen und Mitteilungen. 10. Byzantinisches Recht, B. Weltliches Recht

III. Evaluation and significance of the Basilica cum scholiis

65. F.J. Andrés Santos, ‘El valor de las fuentes jurídicas bizantinas para la crítica textual y la Quellenforschung del Corpus Iuris Civilis: una visión panorámica’, in Signes Codoñer / Pérez Martín, Textual Transmission in Byzantium (No. [11] above), pp. 419-453
66. Van Bochove, ‘The Basilica between Quellenforschung and Textual Criticism’ (No. [11] above), pp. 539-549
67. F. Brandsma, ‘The Usefulness of the Byzantine Tradition to the interpretation of the Corpus Iuris Civilis’, in J.H.A. Lokin / B.H. Stolte (a cura di), Introduzione al diritto bizantino. Da Giustiniano ai Basilici, (Collegio di Diritto Romano 2009. Pubblicazioni del CEDANT, 8), Pavia 2011, pp. 681-692
68. H. de Jong, ‘The Benefit to Romanists of Using the Basilica. The example of B. 14,1,26,8 (D. 17,1,26,8)’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 84 (2016), pp. 423-436
69. B.H. Stolte, ‘The Value of the Byzantine Tradition for Textual Criticism of the Corpus Iuris Civilis. ‘Graeca leguntur’’, in Lokin / Stolte, Introduzione al diritto bizantino (No. [67] above), pp. 667-680

IV. Critical editions of texts relating to the Basilica and recently discovered Basilica testimonies

It should be observed that the present section lists two categories of Basilica testimonia. The first category consists of testimonia already used by the editors of the Groningen Basilica edition. The testimonies belonging to this category have only been mentioned in sofar a new critical edition saw the light of day: it concerns the Ecloga Basilicorum, the Rhopai, the Tractatus de actionibus and the Tractatus de peculiis. For an overview of all testimonies used by the editors of the Groningen edition, including e.g. the Tipucitus and the Synopsis Basilicorum Maior, see B.H. Stolte, Online Praefatio, passim; and the Conspectus operum ex quibus testimonia laudantur in the front matter of every volume of the Series A of the Groningen Basilica edition. The second category consists of testimonies either unknown to the editors, or not used by them. Some of the testimonies in this category were discovered only recently.

Basilica preface

Lacking in the Groningen edition. See also Nos. [167] – [171] below.

70. A. Schminck, Studien zu mittelbyzantinischen Rechtsbüchern, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte, Band 13), Frankfurt/M. 1986, pp. 17-23 (includes a German translation)

Basilica book 1

In the Groningen edition, the first book of the Basilica is based on testimonies of the text. See also Nos. [184] – [187] below.

71. C.A. Fabrotus (ed.), Τῶν Βασιλικῶν Βιβλία Ξ´. Βασιλικῶν Libri LX, in VII tomos divisi, Parisiis 1647, Tomus I, pp. 1-26 (version of B. 1 as transmitted by codex Parisinus graecus 1352; includes a Latin translation)
72. C.W.E. Heimbach (ed.), Basilicorum libri LX. Tomus I (No. [19] above), pp. 1-34 (version of B. 1 as transmitted by codex Coislinianus graecus 151; includes a Latin translation)

Basilica book 53

New critical edition of this Basilica book.

73. Γ.Ε. Ροδολάκης, Από το Νόμο Ροδίων στο 53ο βιβλίο των Βασιλικών. Συμβολή στη μελέτη του βυζαντινού ναυτικού δικαίου, (Ἐπετηρίς τοῦ Κέντρου Ἐρεύνης τῆς Ἱστορίας τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ Δικαίου, Τόμος 40, Παράρτημα 8), Αθήνα 2007, pp. 175-260

Indices titulorum of the Basilica

Lacking in the Groningen edition. See also Nos. [173] – [183] below.

74. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Index Titulorum. Merely Table of Contents or Ἀρχὴ σὺν Θεῷ τῶν Βασιλικῶν?’, Subseciva Groningana VI (1999), pp. 1-58 (edition of ICb 2, the index titulorum of the Basilica books 1-9 in cod. Coisl. gr. 151 on the pp. 16-58)
75. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Index Titulorum, II. IPc, the partial index of the Basilica in cod. Paris. gr. 1349’, Subseciva Groningana VIII (2009), pp. 35-104 (edition of IPc, the index titulorum of the Basilica books 45-50)

Ecloga Basilicorum

New critical edition of this testimonium of the Basilica text.

76. L. Burgmann (Hrsg.), Ecloga Basilicorum, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte, Band 15), Frankfurt/M. 1988

Rhopai

New critical edition of this testimonium of the Basilica text.

77. F. Sitzia, Le Rhopai, (Università di Cagliari. Pubblicazioni della Facoltà di Giurisprudenza, 30), Napoli 1984

Tractatus de actionibus

New critical edition of this testimonium of the Basilica text.

78. F. Sitzia, De actionibus. Edizione e commento, (Università di Roma. Pubblicazioni dell’Istituto di Diritto Romano e dei Diritti dell’Oriente Mediterraneo, 46), Milano 1973[3]

Tractatus de peculiis

New critical edition of this testimonium of the Basilica text.

79. M.Th. Fögen / D. Simon, ‘Tractatus de peculiis’, Fontes Minores X (1998), pp. 261-318

Recently discovered Basilica scholia

80. J. Dittrich, ‘Die Scholien des Cod. Taur. B.I. 20 zum Erbrecht der Basiliken’, Fontes Minores IX (1993), pp. 181-298
81. D. Getov, ‘Eine Scholiensammlung zur Synopsis Basilicorum maior’, Fontes Minores XI (2005), pp. 325-413
82. B.H. Stolte, ‘Of Nomoi and Kanones. Notes on Codex Vaticanus Graecus 2645’, Subseciva Groningana VI (1999), pp. 121-126 (122-126: new scholia pertaining to B. 3,1,8-9 (BT 83/22-84/22))

Recently discovered Basilica testimonia

83. L. Burgmann / M.Th. Fögen, ‘Florilegium Lesbiacum’, Fontes Minores V (1982), pp. 107-178 (= L. Burgmann, Ausgewählte Aufsätze zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte, Band 33), Frankfurt/M. 2015, pp. 7-83)
84. V. Tiftixoglu, ‘Zur Genese der Kommentare des Theodoros Balsamon. Mit einem Exkurs über die unbekannten Kommentare des Sinaiticus gr. 1117’, in N. Oikonomides (ed.), Byzantium in the 12^th. Century. Canon Law, State and Society, Athens: Kardamitsas (Society of Byzantine and post-Byzantine Studies. Diptycha – Paraphylla, 3), Athens 1991, pp. 483-532 (496ff.)
85. V. Tiftixoglu & Sp. Troianos, ‘Unbekannte Kaiserurkunden und Basiliken-testimonia aus dem Sinaiticus 1117’, Fontes Minores IX (1993), pp. 137-179 (148-179)
86. W. Waldstein / D. Simon, ‘Neuentdeckte Bruchstücke der Epanagoge cum Prochiro composita. Eine Palimpsesthandschrift der Klosterbibliothek Lavra’, Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik 23 (1974), pp. 145-178

V. Manuscript tradition of the Basilica cum scholiis

Listing and descriptions of Basilica manuscripts

87. L. Burgmann / M.Th. Fögen / A. Schminck / D. Simon, Repertorium der Handschriften des byzantinischen Rechts. Teil I: Die Handschriften des weltlichen Rechts (Nr. 1 – 327), (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechts-geschichte, Band 20) Frankfurt/M. 1995, pp. 402-404 (Index, s.v. Basiliken)
88. A. Schminck / D. Getov, Repertorium der Handschriften des byzantinischen Rechts. Teil II: Die Handschriften des kirchlichen Rechts, I (Nr. 328 – 427), (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte, Band 28), Frankfurt/M. 2010, p. 255 (Index, s.v. Basiliken)
89. A. Schminck / D. Getov, Repertorium der Handschriften des byzantinischen Rechts. Teil III: Die Handschriften des kirchlichen Rechts, II (Nr. 427 – 527), Frankfurt/M. 2014 (published digitally; a paper edition will be published in the near future)
90. D. Simon, ‘Handschriftenstudien zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte’, Byzantinische Zeitschrift 71 (1978), pp. 332-348 (340-344)

Codex rescriptus Berolinensis gr. Fol. 28

The palimpsest manuscript cod. rescr. Berolinensis gr. Fol. 28 olim Constantinopolitanus – transmitting the Basilica books 15-18, accompanied by old scholia – was deemed lost after the second World War, but has resurfaced in Cracow; it is presently known as codex rescriptus Krakoviensis Jagiellońska 28/266 (Burgmann/Fögen/Schminck/Simon, RHBR I (No. [87] above), p. 117 No. 92; see also B.H. Stolte in the Online Praefatio, passim). Zachariä von Lingenthal based his 1846 edition of B. 15-18 on this manuscript; see the reference under No. [96] below.

91. Van Bochove, ‘The Basilica between Quellenforschung and Textual Criticism’ (No. [11] above), p. 547 with the notes 27-30
92. M.Th. Fögen, ‘Humanistische Adnotationen zur editio princeps der Hexabiblos’, Ius Commune XIII (1985), pp. 213-242 (238 note 37)
93. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Bemerkungen zu Zachariaes Supplementum Basilicorum, S. 185, Sch. 47’, Ἀντίδωρονaangeboden aan Professor Doctor Sophia Antoniadis ter gelegenheid van haar afscheid van Nederland door vrienden en leerlingen, Leiden 1957, pp. 67-70) (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 327-330)
94. B.H. Stolte, ‘Balancing Byzantine Law’, Fontes Minores XI (2005), pp. 57-75 (62-63)
95. B.H. Stolte, ‘The Decline and Fall of Legal Manuscripts: Reflexions on Some Legal Palimpsests’, in Sp. Troianos (ed.), Κατευόδιον. In memoriam Nikos Oikonomides, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte, Athener Reihe. Band 15), Athen 2008 pp. 173-189 (182-184)
96. C.E. Zachariae a Lingenthal (ed.), Supplementum editionis Basilicorum Heim-bachianae, libros XV – XVIII Basilicorum cum scholiis antiquis integros nec non librum XIX Basilicorum novis auxiliis restitutum continens, Lipsiae 1846

Codex rescriptus Ambrosianus F 106 sup. (Florilegium Ambrosianum).

See also Nos. [139] – [144] below.

97. M.T. Rodriquez, ‘Un “nuovo” palinsesto dei Basilici’, in S. Lucà / F. D’Aiuto (a cura di), Ἔξεμπλον. Studi in onore di Irmgard Hutter, II, Roma 2010 [2011] = ΝέαῬώμη. Rivista di ricerche bizantinistiche 7 (2010 [2011]), pp. 73-95
98. M.T. Rodriquez, ‘Riflessioni sui palinsesti giuridici dell’area dello Stretto’, in A. Rigo / A. Babuin / M. Trizio (a cura di), Vie per Bisanzio. VII Congresso dell’Associa-zione Italiana di Studi Bizantini, Venezia, 25–28 novembre 2009, Bari 2013, pp. 625–645

Recently discovered palimpsest manuscripts

Recent discovery of palimpsest manuscripts in the framework of the EU funded international project Rinascimento virtuale – Digitale Palimpsestforschung: codex rescriptus Vindobonensis Supplementum graecum 200, ff. 1-48, handing down parts from the books 21 – 26 and 28 – 29 of the Basilica, and the Florilegium Basilicorum Vindobonense, the scriptura inferior of codex Vindobonensis hist. gr. 10, containing parts of and extracts from the books 2, 3, 5 – 10, 16 and 19 of the Basilica.

99. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Preluding the Basilica, but how? The final paragraph of the preface to the Prochiron reconsidered’, Subseciva Groningana IX: Between Groningen and Palermo, (2014), pp. 267-318 (280-287)
100. J. Grusková, Untersuchungen zu den griechischen Palimpsesten der Öster-reichischen Nationalbibliothek. Codices historici. Codices philosophi et philologici. Codices iuridici, (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, philosophisch-historische Klasse. Denkschriften, 401. Band. Veröffent-lichungen zur Byzanzforschung, Band XX), Wien 2010, pp. 37-41
101. J. Grusková, ‘Zwei neue Basiliken-Handschriften in der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek. I: Paläographisch-kodikologische Analyse’, in Ch. Gast-geber (ed.), Quellen zur byzantinischen Rechtspraxis. Aspekte der Text-überlieferung, Paläographie und Diplomatik. Akten des internationalen Symposiums Wien, 5.–7. 11. 2007, (Österreichische Akademie der Wissen-schaften, philosophisch-historische Klasse. Denkschriften, 413. Band. Ver-öffentlichungen zur Byzanzforschung, Band XXV), Wien 2010, pp. 107-138 and 153-182
102. B.H. Stolte, ‘Ein Florilegium Vindobonense der Basiliken’, in V. Somers (ed.), Palimpsestes et éditions de textes: les texes littéraires. Actes du colloque tenu à Louvain-la-Neuve (septembre 2003), (Publications de l’Institut Orientaliste de Louvain, 56), Louvain / Paris / Walpole, MA 2009, pp. 111–114
103. B.H. Stolte, ‘Zwei neue Basiliken-Handschriften in der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek. II: Rechtshistorische Analyse’, in Gastgeber, Quellen zur byzantinischen Rechtspraxis, (No. [101] above), pp. 139-151 and 153-182

Codex Vaticanus graecus 2645

A bifolium containing B. 3,1,8-9 with unknown scholia.

104. B.H. Stolte, ‘Of Nomoi and Kanones’ (No. [82] above)

Libri restituti

The books 19, 30 – 37, 43 – 44, and 53 – 57 of the Basilica lack direct manuscript transmission. In the Groningen edition, these books are restituted on the basis of testimonies of the Basilica text.

105. M.Th. Fögen, ‘Zur Restitution von B. 37.1 und 2’, Fontes Minores III (1979), pp. 178-193
106. N. van der Wal, ‘Probleme bei der Restitution verlorengegangener Basiliken-bücher’, Subseciva Groningana III (1989) (Proceedings of the Symposium on the Occasion of the Completion of a New Edition of the Basilica, Groningen, 1 – 4 June, 1988), pp. 143-154

VI. Studies pertaining to the Basilica cum scholiis

Introducing the Basilica

107. J.H.A. Lokin / Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione. Dalla legislazione di Giustiniano ai Basilica cum scholiis’, in Lokin / Stolte, Introduzione al diritto bizantino (No. [67] above), pp. 99-146 (135-146)
108. P.E. Pieler, ‘Byzantinische Rechtsliteratur’, in H. Hunger, Die hochsprachliche profane Literatur der Byzantiner, II, (Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft, XII,5,2), München 1978, pp. 341-480 (455-457, 463-464, and 491 (Index))
109. Revised edition and translation of the preceding study into modern Greek: P.E. Pieler, ‘Νομικὴ Φιλολογία’, in H. Hunger, Βυζαντινὴ λογοτεχνία. Ἡ λόγια κοσμικὴ γραμματεία τῶν Βυζαντινῶν, Τόμος Γ´, Ἀθήνα 1994, pp. 183-379 (340-342, 344-347, 355-357, and 443 (Index))[4]
110. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), pp. 17-54 passim
111. Σπ. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές του βυζαντινού δικαίου, Αθήνα/Κομοτηνή 2011³, pp. 252-263, 281-284, and 467 (Index) [Italian translation: Sp. Troianos, Le fonti del diritto bizantino, (Traduzione a cura di Pierangelo Buongiorno), Torino 2015, pp. 165-173, 185-188, and 326 (Index)][5]
112. N. van der Wal / J.H.A. Lokin, Historiae iuris graeco-romani delineatio. Les sources du droit byzantin de 300 à 1453, Groningen 1985, pp. 81-86, 90-92, 99-100, 133, 134, and 135

The Basilica in wider context

Ἀνακάθαρσις τῶν παλαιῶν νόμων and Macedonian Renaissance

113. Th.E. van Bochove, To Date and Not to Date. On the Date and Status of Byzantine Law Books, Groningen 1996, pp. 173-186 [modern Greek translation: Th.E. van Bochove, To Date and Not to Date. On the Date and Status of Byzantine Law Books Χρονολογώντας καί Ἐξακριβώνοντας. Ἐπιστημονική ἀπόδοση στήν Ἑλληνικνή Γλώσσα: Ἀρχιμανδρίτης Ἱερώνυμος Νικολόπουλος, (Βιβλιοθήκη Βυζαντινοῦ καὶ Μεταβυζαντινοῦ Δικαίου, 3), Αθνήνα – Θεσσαλονίκη" 2007, pp. 247-266]
114. Z. Chitwood, Byzantine Legal Culture and the Roman Legal Tradition, 867-1056, Cambridge 2017, pp. 12-13 and 16-44
115. P.E. Pieler, ‘Ἀνακάθαρσις τῶν παλαιῶν νόμων und makedonische Renaissance’, Subseciva Groningana III (1989) (Proceedings of the Symposium on the Occasion of the Completion of a New Edition of the Basilica, Groningen, 1 – 4 June, 1988), pp. 61-77
116. A. Schminck, ‘Leges ou νόμοι? Le choix des princes slaves à l’époque de Photius et les débuts de l’ἀνακάθαρσις τῶν παλαιῶν νόμων’, in Sp. Flogaitis / A. Pantélis (eds.), The Eastern Roman Empire and the Birth of the Idea of State in Europe, (European Public Law Series, Vol. LXXX), London 2005, pp. 309-316
117. A. Schminck, ‘Minima Byzantina. III: Βασιλειοπάτωρ’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte, romanistische Abteilung 132 (2015), pp. 478-483)

Name of the Basilica

The name Basilica is derived from the Greek phrase τὰ βασιλικὰ νόμιμα ‘the imperial laws’. The phrase refers to a large compilation of laws which came into existence in the later ninth century, during the reign of emperor Leo VI the Wise (886-912). However, according to the German scholar A. Schminck, the Basilica did not originate during the reign of Leo the Wise. Schminck rather differentiated between a large compilation of laws issued in Leo’s day – work on this compilation would have been completed shortly before Christmas of the year 888 – and referred to as the Sixty Books, and the Basilica which came into being some 150 years later.[6] The Basilica would have been compiled at the faculty of law in Constantinople, which was initiated by emperor Constantine IX Monomachos in the middle of the eleventh century – probably in the year 1047 – and headed by the νομοφύλαξ John Xiphilinos. The phrase τὰ βασιλικά, used as a noun, would go back to a personal preference of John Xiphilinus.

118. Van Bochove, To Date and Not to Date (No. [113] above), pp. 108-109 [modern Greek: Van Bochove, Χρονολογώντας καί Ἐξακριβώνοντας, pp. 157-159]
119. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Some Byzantine Law Books. Introducing the Continuous Debate Concerning Their Status and Their Date’, in Lokin / Stolte, Introduzione al diritto bizantino (No. [67] above), pp. 239-266 (262-266)
120. Van Bochove, ‘Preluding the Basilica’ (No. [99] above), pp. 272-273, 274-275, and 300-301
121. Van Bochove, ‘The Great Codification’ (No. [7] above), § 11
122. Chitwood, Byzantine Legal Culture (No. [114] above), pp. 32-35
123. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), pp. 27-33, especially 29ff., 78-79, and 132
124. A. Schminck, ‘“Frömmigkeit ziere das Werk”. Zur Datierung der 60 Bücher Leons VI.’, Subseciva Groningana III (1989) (Proceedings of the Symposium on the Occasion of the Completion of a New Edition of the Basilica, Groningen, 1 – 4 June, 1988), pp. 79-114
125. A. Schminck, ‘Zur Auslassung des 1. Titels der Institutionen-Paraphrase des Theophilos’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 82 (2014), pp. 323-326

Prochiron and Eisagoge

In their resp. preface, these two law books contain information that is of vital importance regarding the genesis of the text of the Basilica in the later ninth century. However, the status, and in particular the date of the law books is heavily disputed. The Prochiron is traditionally dated to the first part of the reign of emperor Basil the Macedonian (867-886), in the years 870-879: it was possibly promulgated on 1 December 872. The Eisagoge is traditionally dated to the second part of Basil’s reign, in the years between 879 and 886, with a further specification in the period between 3 March 880 and the summer of 883 (Van Bochove). It was Schminck, however, who reversed the chronological order of the two law books, partly in order to solve a major problem concerning the genesis of the Basilica as referred to in the two prefaces. With regard to the Eisagoge, Schminck argued in favour of a date in 885, or rather in 886, before 29 August of that year. Most recently, he proposed 15 May 886 as the date of publication. With regard to the Prochiron, Schminck argued in favour of a date in the year 907, thus during the reign of Leo the Wise, the successor of Basil the Macedonian. In his turn, the Spanish scholar J. Signes Codoñer turned the hands of the clock back again, at least partly. For, regarding the Prochiron he opted again for a date in the period between 870-879, and possibly even 1 December 872. However, he also argued in favour of a revision of the Prochiron effectuated some time after the death of Leo the Wise in 912 (possibly during the reign of his brother Alexander), leading to a second edition of the law book. As regards the Eisagoge, Signes Codoñer opted for a date between 880 and 886. The status of the Eisagoge is uncertain: there are good arguments in favour of an official promulgation (Schminck, Van Bochove), but it is also possible that the law book remained draft law (Signes Codoñer).

126. Van Bochove, To Date and Not to Date (No. [113] above), passim, in particular pp. 7-27 (Eisagoge) and 29-56 (Prochiron) [modern Greek: Van Bochove, Χρονολογώντας καί Ἐξακριβώνοντας, pp. 11-39 and 41-83]
127. Van Bochove, ‘Some Byzantine Law Books’ (No. [119] above), passim
128. Van Bochove, ‘Preluding the Basilica’ (No. [99] above), pp. 309-317
129. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Procheiros Nomos and Eisagoge’, in Papagianni, Das byzantinische Recht (No. [7] above)
130. Chitwood, Byzantine Legal Culture (No. [114] above), pp. 22-32, in particular 25-26 with note 41, and 29 with note 56
131. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), pp. 14-15 (Eisagoge), 62-107 (Prochiron), and 132
132. A. Schminck, ‘Bemerkungen zum sog. “Nomos Mosaïkos”’, Fontes Minores XI (2005), pp. 249-268 (264 note 91)
133. J. Signes Codoñer, Estudio, in J. Signes Codoñer / F.J. Andrés Santos, La Introducción al Derecho (Eisagoge) del Patriarca Focio, (Nueva Roma. Bibliotheca Graeca et Latina Aevi Posterioris, 28), Madrid 2007, pp. 3-274 passim, in particular 160-182, 189-212, 240-246, and 270-274

Sixty – forty – sixty books

The major problem mentioned in the previous section consists of the following. If the traditional chronology of the Prochiron and the Eisagoge is accepted, then there are reports concerning no less than three extensive compilations of laws. Two of these were compiled during the reign of Basil the Macedonian. The first of these two is a compilation in 60 books, referred to in the preface to the Prochiron, the second a compilation in 40 books, mentioned in the preface to the Eisagoge. The third and final compilation in again 60 books is attributed to Leo the Wise: the Basilica. By modern day standards, three extensive compilations of laws all dating from the later ninth century would seem to be too much of a good thing. Various attempts have been made to shed light on this matter. Schminck’s solution, for instance, consisted of the proposed new dating of the Prochiron to the year 907, thereby implying that the preface to this law book would refer to Leo’s Basilica / Sixty Books. The solution advocated by Signes Codoñer consisted of the assumption that the Prochiron was revised during Leo’s reign, and that in the second edition of the law book (the result of the revision) several additions were made to the Prochiron, including the final paragraph of its preface with its reference to a compilation of laws in 60 books. In this case, too, this compilation would have to be identified as Leo’s Basilica. Both the proposed dating of the Prochiron to 907 and the assumption of the addition of the final paragraph to the Prochiron preface have proven to be susceptible to criticism. Moreover, the most recent development in this whole issue is the discovery and identification of extensive remains of a compilation of laws in 60 books that must have preceded the Basilica of Leo the Wise. The compilation of laws in 40 books remains an enigma, as no trace of it has yet been found. See the study by Van Bochove under No. [135]. It should be added that the Groningen edition of the Basilica does not take into account consecutive versions, the existence of which can be glimpsed quite clearly. What has been edited by H.J. Scheltema, D. Holwerda and N. van der Wal is in their view the most recent version, viz. the text of Leo’s Basilica to which the scholia were added later.

134. Van Bochove, ‘Some Byzantine Law Books’ (No. [119] above), 245-247, and 248
135. Van Bochove, ‘Preluding the Basilica’ (No. [99] above), pp. 267-268, 269-272, 272-277, 277-309, and, finally, 309-317
136. Van Bochove, ‘The Great Codification’ (No. [7] above), § 1 and § 12
137. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), pp. 27-33, 65-66, 78-80, 98-102, and 132
138. Signes Codoñer, Estudio (No. [133] above), pp. 224-240, 240-246, and 273-274

Florilegium Ambrosianum and divisions of the Basilica into four and into six τεύχη

The Florilegium Ambrosianum is an extensive anthology of fragments originating from nearly all 60 books of what is now known as the text of the Basilica, preserved in the tenth-century scriptura inferior of cod. rescr. Ambros. F 106 sup. The Florilegium is one of the testimonies underlying the Groningen edition of the Basilica cum scholiis. See also Nos. [97] and [98] above.

There are reports concerning divisions of the text of the Basilica into four and into six τεύχη, a τεῦχος being a volume consisting of more than one book. Both divisions relate to compilations of laws comprising 60 books. The division into four τεύχη has left traces in cod. Paris. gr. 1357 and especially in notes attached to the tables of contents of the Florilegium Ambrosianum. The division into six τεύχη is referred to in the preface to the Basilica, lines 27-28 (ed. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), p. 22), and in the younger scholia to the Basilica. Recent research has established that the division into four τεύχη precedes the division of the Basilica into six volumes: the division into four τεύχη can only relate to the compilation of laws in sixty books mentioned in the final paragraph of the Prochiron preface.

139. Van Bochove, To Date and Not to Date (No. [113] above), pp. 107-121 [modern Greek: Van Bochove, Χρονολογώντας καί Ἐξακριβώνοντας, pp. 155-176]
140. Van Bochove, ‘Preluding the Basilica’ (No. [99] above), pp. 287-291, 291-297, and 316-317
141. Van Bochove, ‘The Great Codification’ (No. [7] above), § 12
142. C. Ferrini / J. Mercati (edd.), Basilicorum libri LX. Volumen VII: Editionis Basilicorum Heimbachianae supplementum alterum. Reliquias librorum ineditorum ex libro rescripto Ambrosiano, Lipsiae 1897, in particular pp. 1, 5, 10, and 13
143. N. van der Wal, ‘Spuren einer Einteilung in sechs Bände der Basiliken in den jüngeren Scholien’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 25 (1957), pp. 274-283
144. N. van der Wal, ‘La tradition des Novelles de Léon le Sage dans le manuscrit palimpseste Ambrosianus F 106 sup.’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 43 (1975), pp. 257-269

Τὸ πλάτος (τῶν νόμων)

The phrase τὸ πλάτος (τῶν νόμων) frequently occurs in Byzantine legal texts, the prefaces to the Prochiron and the Eisagoge included. Until now, a systematic and comprehensive study dealing with the expression is sadly still missing. The phrase τὸ πλάτος (τῶν νόμων) would sometimes seem to refer to the Basilica, but other, clearly different texts are indicated as well.

145. Van Bochove, To Date and Not to Date (No. [113] above), pp. 134-139 and 141-150 [modern Greek: Van Bochove, Χρονολογώντας καί Ἐξακριβώνοντας, pp. 194-201 and 203-216]
146. Chitwood, Byzantine Legal Culture (No. [114] above), pp. 27 and 79
147. A. Schminck, ‘Ein rechtshistorischer “Traktat” im Cod. Mosq. gr. 445’, Fontes Minores IX (1993), pp. 81-96 (91 note 22)
148. Signes Codoñer, Estudio (No. [133] above), pp. 246-267 and 273-274

The Basilica and the Novels of Leo VI the Wise

149. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Codificatie in Byzantium? Enige opmerkingen over de betekenis van de Novellen van keizer Leo de Wijze’, Groninger Opmerkingen en Mededelingen. Magazijn voor Leerstellige Rechtsvergelijking op Historische Grondslag, XII (1995), pp. 22-37
150. Van Bochove, To Date and Not to Date (No. [113] above), pp. 203-221 [modern Greek: Van Bochove, ΧρονολογώνταςκαίἘξακριβώνοντας, pp. 291-315]
151. Chitwood, Byzantine Legal Culture (No. [114] above), pp. 35-42 passim
152. M.Th. Fögen, ‘Legislation und Kodifikation des Kaisers Leon VI.’ Subseciva Groningana III (1989) (Proceedings of the Symposium on the Occasion of the Completion of a New Edition of the Basilica, Groningen, 1 – 4 June, 1988), pp. 23-35
153. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘The Significance of Law and Legislation in the Law Books of the Ninth to Eleventh Centuries’, in A.E. Laiou / D. Simon (eds.), Law and Society in Byzantium: Ninth – Twelfth Centuries, (Proceedings of the Symposium on Law and Society in Byzantium, 9th – 12th Centuries, Dumbarton Oaks, May 1-3, 1992), Washington, D.C. 1994, pp. 71-91 passim (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 183-199 passim)
154. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘The Novels of Leo and the Decisions of Justinian’, in Sp. Troianos (ed.), Analecta Atheniensia ad ius Byzantinum spectantia, I, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte. Athener Reihe, 10), Athen – Komotini 1997, pp. 131-140 passim (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 175-182 passim)
155. Schminck, ‘“Frömmigkeit ziere das Werk”’ (No. [124] above), passim
156. J. Signes Codoñer, ‘The Corpus of Leo’s Novels. Some suggestions concerning their date and promulgation’, Subseciva Groningana VIII (2009), pp. 1-33
157. J. Signes Codoñer, ‘Las Novelas de León VI el Sabio’, in Lokin / Stolte, Introduzione al diritto bizantino (No. [67] above), pp. 267-321

The Basilica text

Introducing the Basilica text

158. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), pp. 135-142
159. Pieler, ‘Byzantinische Rechtsliteratur’ (No. [108] above), pp. 455-457
160. Pieler, ‘Νομικὴ Φιλολογία’, (No. [109] above), pp. 340-342
161. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 252-263 [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 165-173]
162. Van der Wal / Lokin, Delineatio (No. [112] above), pp. 81-86, and 133

Sources of the Basilica text

163. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ. ICb 2 and the Incorporation of Justinian’s Novels into the Text of the Basilica’, Subseciva Groningana VII (2001), pp. 45-89
164. Van Bochove, ‘The Great Codification’ (No. [7] above), § 7 and § 8
165. N. van der Wal, ‘La version florentine de la Collection des 168 Novelles’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 49 (1981), 149-158
166. N. van der Wal, ‘Der Basilikentext und die griechischen Kommentare des sechsten Jahrhunderts’, in A. Guarino / L. Labruna (edd.), Synteleia Vincenzo Arangio-Ruiz, (Biblioteca di Labeo, 2), Napoli 1964, pp. 1158-1165

Basilica See also No. [70] above.

167. Van Bochove, To Date and Not to Date (No. [113] above), pp. 187-202 [modern Greek: Van Bochove, Χρονολογώντας καί Ἐξακριβώνοντας, pp. 267-290]
168. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Οὐ κελεύομεν· συνεκεφαλαιώσαμεν καὶ ῥᾳδίαν ἔντευξιν παρέσχομεν. Some remarks with respect to the nature of the preface to the Basilica’, in Troianos, Analecta Atheniensia (No. [154] above), pp. 155-168
169. Chitwood, Byzantine Legal Culture (No. [114] above), pp. 33-34
170. H.J. Scheltema, ‘A propos de la prétendue Préface des Basiliques’, Droits de l’antiquité et sociologie juridique. Mélanges Henri Lévy-Bruhl, (Publications de l’Institut de Droit Romain de l’Université de Paris, 17), Paris 1959, pp. 269-271) (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 356-358)
171. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), pp. 17-54 passim, and 132

Basilica title rubrics

172. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Ἐπιγραφή. Zur Entstehung der Titelrubriken der Basiliken’, Subseciva Groningana VI (1999), pp. 59-75

Indices titulorum of the Basilica. See also Nos. [74] and [75] above.

173. Van Bochove, ‘Index Titulorum’ (No. [74] above)
174. Van Bochove, ‘Ἐπιγραφή’ (No. [172] above)
175. Van Bochove, ‘ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ’ (No. [163] above)
176. Van Bochove, ‘Index Titulorum, II’ (No. [75] above)
177. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Scholia and Index Titulorum. On the relation between the apparatus of scholia in cod. Paris. gr. 1349 and IPc’, Subseciva Groningana VIII (2009), pp. 105-126
178. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Rubrics, Testimonies and Indices. Arguing pro and contra C. 1,13 as constituent part of the text of the Basilica’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 78 (2010), pp. 351-380
179. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Working with ICb. Some observations on the present state of the Index Coislinianus as a research tool’, in V.A. Leontaritou / K.A. Bourdara / E.Sp. Papagianni (Hrsg.), Antecessor. Festschrift für Spyros N. Troianos zum 80. Geburtstag / Ἀντικήνσωρ. Τιμητικὸς τόμος Σπύρου Ν. Τρωιάνου γιὰ τὰ ὀγδοηκοστὰ γενέθλιά του, Athen / Αθήνα 2013, pp. 197-216
180. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Terminus technicus. A note on the handling of technical terms in indices titulorum of the Basilica’, in J. Signes Codoñer / J.-D. Rodríguez Martín (edd.), Estudios de lexicografía jurídica bizantina en fuentes de época macedonia (siglos ix-x d. C.), Seminarios Complutenses de Derecho Romano XXVI (2013), pp. 81-352 (219-232)
181. Van Bochove, ‘Preluding the Basilica’ (No. [99] above), pp. 268-269 and 298-309
182. Van Bochove, ‘The Basilica between Quellenforschung and Textual Criticism’ (No. [11] above), pp. 549-569
183. B.H. Stolte, ‘Papinian on the Road?’, Scripta Classica Israelica XXXIII (2014), pp. 269-274 (272-273)

Basilica book 1

In the Groningen edition, the first book of the Basilica is based on testimonies of the text, despite the existence of two strongly divergent versions of this book in two manuscripts: the codd. Coisl. gr. 151 and Paris. gr. 1352. In editing the text of B. 1, H.J. Scheltema and N. van der Wal followed the considerations put forward by Zachariä von Lingenthal in the latter’s study cited below. See also Nos. [71] and [72] above.

184. Van Bochove, ‘Preluding the Basilica’ (No. [99] above), pp. 298-309 passim
185. Van Bochove, ‘The Basilica between Quellenforschung and Textual Criticism’ (No. [11] above), pp. 549-569
186. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), pp. 52-54
187. K.E. Zachariä von Lingenthal, ‘Beiträge zur Kritik und Restitution der Basiliken’, Mémoires de l’Académie impériale des sciences de St.-Pétersbourg, 7^e série, XXIII, 6, St.-Pétersbourg 1877, pp. 1-39 (= K.E. Zachariä von Lingenthal, Kleine Schriften zur römischen und byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte. Sammlung der in Zeitschriften und Serienwerken erschienenen selbständigen Abhand-lungen 1840 - 1894. Band I: 1840 – 1879, (Opuscula. Sammelausgabe seltener und bisher nicht selbständig erschienener wissenschaftlicher Abhandlungen, Band IV/1), Leipzig 1973, pp. 575-613)

Studies relating to the Basilica text in general

188. J. Beaucamp, ‘Byzance et l’héritage latin: le discours juridique du VI^e au X^e siècle’, Ktema 23 (1998), pp. 475-484
189. Van Bochove, To Date and Not to Date (No. [113] above), pp. 232-235 (Index, s.v. Basilica)
190. Van Bochove, ‘Rubrics, Testimonies and Indices’ (No. [178] above), passim
191. Van Bochove, ‘The Basilica between Quellenforschung and Textual Criticism’ (No. [11] above), passim
192. C.A. Bourdara, ‘Les crimes contre l’État selon le droit byzantin’, in Ch. Papastathis (ed.), Byzantine Law. Proceedings of the International Symposium of Jurists Thessaloniki, 10 – 13 December 1998, (Bar Association of Thessaloniki), Thessaloniki 2001, pp. 219-227 passim
193. Chitwood, Byzantine Legal Culture (No. [114] above), passim
194. Δ.Σ. Δελής, ‘Η εμβάσανη ανάκριση στο Βυζάντιο’, Ἐπετηρὶς τοῦ Κέντρου Ἐρεύνης τῆς Ἱστορίας τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ Δικαίου 43 (2011), pp. 93-120
195. G. Diamantopulos, Τὸ δίκαιο τῆς μνηστείας καὶ τοῦ γάμου στὰ Βασιλικά, (Νομοκανονικὰ Ανάλεκτα, 2), Αθήνα 2013
196. Ν. Εμμανουηλίδης, Το δίκαιο της ταφής στο Βυζάντιο, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte. Athener Reihe, 3), Αθήνα 1989, pp. 563-566 (Index of sources, s.v. Basilica)
197. M.Th. Fögen, ‘Reanimation of Roman law in the ninth century: remarks on reasons and results’, in L. Brubaker (ed.), Byzantium in the Ninth Century: Dead or Alive? Papers from the Thirtieth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Birmingham, March 1996, (Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies. Publications, 5), Aldershot 1998, pp. 11-22
198. Fontes Minores, Vols. I – XII, Quellenverzeichnis (s.v. Basiliken) of every volume: listings of individual chapters and fragments of the Basilica text discussed or occurring in the relevant volume
199. F. Goria, Tradizione romana e innovazioni bizantine nel diritto privato dell’Ecloga privata aucta. Diritto matrimoniale, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte, Band ), Frankfurt/M. 1980, pp. 140-141 (Index, s.v. Basilicorum libri)
200. M.T.G. Humphreys, Law, Power, and Imperial Ideology in the Iconoclast Era, c.680–850, (Oxford Studies in Byzantium), Oxford 2015, p. 309 (Index, s.v. Basilika)
201. H. de Jong, ‘Some remarks on the (non-)appearance of ἑταιρεία in Byzantine law’, Subseciva Groningana IX (2014) (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 327-341
202. H. de Jong, ‘Die actio in duplum (ἡ τοῦ διπλοῦ ἀπαίτησις) bei Sachbeschädigung – Ein Mysterium im byzantinischen Recht’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte, romanistische Abteilung 132 (2015), pp. 324-361
203. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘Wills in Byzantine Law’, in Acts of Last Will. First Part: Antiquity, (Transactions of the Jean Bodin Society for Comparative Institutional History, 59), Bruxelles 1992, pp. 163-177 passim (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 225-242 passim
204. J.H.A Lokin, ‘Reading Basilica cum Scholiis: 11.2.4 and 5’, in I. Piro (ed.), Règle et pratique du droit dans les réalités juridiques de l'antiquité. Atti della 51^a Sessione della SIHDA, Crotone-Messina, 16-20 settembre 1997, (Centro Romanistico Internazionale Copanello), Rubbettino 1999, pp. 397-406 (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 211-218)
205. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘From the Greek Basilica Tradition’, in L. de Ligt / J. de Ruiter / E. Slob / J.M. Tevel / M. van de Vrugt / L.C. Winkel (eds.), Viva Vox Iuris Romani. Essays in Honour of Johannes Emil Spruit, (Studia Amstelodamensia. Studies in Ancient Law and Society, Vol. XXXVIII), Amsterdam 2002, pp. 251-256 (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 219-224)
206. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘Pactum tacitum in favorem tertii: ad C. 2,3,2’, in Leontaritou / Bourdara / Papagianni, Antecessor / Ἀντικήνσωρ (No. [179] above), pp. 881-893
207. Lokin / Stolte, Introduzione al diritto bizantino (No. [67] above), pp. 694-696 (Indice delle fonti, s.v. Basilica)
208. M. Miglietta, ‘Towards a palingenetic study of Bas. 60,3: The contribution of the Byzantine ἴνδικες. Part I’, Subseciva Groningana IX (2014) (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 59-97
209. M. Miglietta, ‘Trasmissione del testo e giurisprudenza bizantina: la tutela pretoria da Dig. 9.2 a Bas. 60.3 – Profili dogmatici’, in Signes Codoñer / Pérez Martín, Textual Transmission in Byzantium, (No. [11] above), pp. 477-511
210. ᾿Ε.Σπ. Παπαγιάννη, Τά οἰκονομικά τοῦ ἔγγαμου κλήρου στό Βυζάντιο, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte. Athener Reihe, Band 1), Ἀθήνα 1986, p. 334 (πίνακας πηγῶν, s.v. B. (= Basilica))
211. Ἐ.Σπ. Παπαγιάννη, Ἡ νομολογία τῶν ἐκκλησιαστικῶν δικαστηρίων τῆς βυζαντινῆς καί μεταβυζαντινῆς περιόδου σέ θέματα περιουσιακοῦ δικαίου. I: Ἐνοχικό δίκαιο – Ἐμπράγματο δίκαιο, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte. Athener Reihe, Band 6), Ἀθήνα 1992, pp. 281-283 (πίνακας πηγῶν, s.v. Βασιλικά)
212. Ἐ.Σπ. Παπαγιάννη, Ἡ νομολογία τῶν ἐκκλησιαστικῶν δικαστηρίων τῆς βυζαντινῆς καί μεταβυζαντινῆς περιόδου σέ θέματα περιουσιακοῦ δικαίου. II: Οἰκογενειακό δίκαιο, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte. Athener Reihe, Band 11), Αθήνα / Κομοτηνή 1997, pp. 235-236 (πίνακας πηγῶν, s.v. Βασιλικά)
213. Ἐ.Σπ. Παπαγιάννη, Ἡ νομολογία τῶν ἐκκλησιαστικῶν δικαστηρίων τῆς βυζαντινῆς καί μεταβυζαντινῆς περιόδου σέ θέματα περιουσιακοῦ δικαίου. III: Κληρονομικό δίκαιο, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte. Athener Reihe, Band 18), Αθήνα / Κομοτηνή 2010, pp. 305-306 (πίνακας πηγῶν, s.v. Βασιλικά)
214. Δ.Κ. Παπαδάτου, Ἡ συμβιβαστική ἐπίλυση ἰδιωτικῶν διαφορῶν κατά τή μέση και ὕστερη βυζαντινή ἐποχή, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte. Athener Reihe, Band 9), Αθήνα / Κομοτηνή 1995, pp. 152-155 (πίνακας πηγῶν, s.v. Βασιλικά)
215. D. Penna, The Byzantine Imperial Acts to Venice, Pisa and Genoa, 10th-12th Centuries. A Comparative Legal Study, Den Haag 2012, p. 327 (Index of legal sources, s.v. Basilica)
216. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Les sources du droit de Justinien dans l’empire d’Orient’, Revue historique de droit français et étranger, 4^e série, 30 (1952), pp. 1-17 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 269-282)
217. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Über die Natur der Basiliken’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 23 (1955), pp. 287-310 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 290-306)
218. Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 491-492 (Table des textes cités, s.v. Basiliques, Texte)
219. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), p. 137 (Quellenverzeichnis, s.v. Basiliken)
220. A. Schminck, ‘Subsiciva Byzantina. III: Καινοτομία’ Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 83 (2015), pp. 140-144
221. Signes Codoñer / Rodríguez Martín, Estudios de lexicografía jurídica bizantina (No. [180] above), pp. 346-348 (Índice de fuentes, s.v. Basilica, Textus et Scholia)
222. D. Simon, Untersuchungen zum Justinianischen Zivilprozeß, (Münchener Beiträge zur Papyrusforschung und antiken Rechtsgescichte, 54), München 1969, p. 384 (Quellenverzeichnis, s.v. Basiliken (B., BT)
223. D. Simon, ‘Balsamon zum Gewohnheitsrecht’, in W.J. Aerts / J.H.A. Lokin / S.L. Radt / N. van der Wal (edd.), ΣΧΟΛΙΑ. Studia ad criticam interpretationemque textuum graecorum et ad historiam iuris graeco-romani pertinentia viro doctissimo D. Holwerda oblata, Groningen 1985, pp. 119-133
224. B.H. Stolte, ‘Balsamon and the Basilica’, Subseciva Groningana III (1989) (Proceedings of the Symposium on the Occasion of the Completion of a New Edition of the Basilica, Groningen, 1 – 4 June, 1988), pp. 115-125
225. B.H. Stolte, ‘Not in the Code, nor in the Basilica: C. 1.1.8 and its translation in the Basilica’, Annali del Seminario Giuridico dell’Università degli Studi di Palermo, LIV (2010-2011), pp. 289-300
226. B.H. Stolte, ‘A heretical hypothesis: on the beginning of the Codex Justinianus’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 81 (2013), pp. 109-128 (119-125)
227. B.H. Stolte, ‘Graeca Pandectarum in Basilicis’, Subseciva Groningana IX (2014) (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 429-441
228. B.H. Stolte, ‘Papinian on the Road?’ (No. [183] above)
229. B.H. Stolte, ‘Joannes Leunclavius (1541-1594), Civilian and Byzantinist’ in P.J. du Plessis / J.W. Cairns (eds.), Reassessing Legal Humanism and its Claims: Petere Fontes?, (Edinburgh Studies in Law), Edinburgh 2016, pp. 194-210 (197-204)
230. Σπ. Τρωιάνου, Ὁ “Ποινάλιος” τοῦ Ἐκλογαδίου. Συμβολὴ εἰς τὴν ἱστορίαν τῆς ἐξελίξεως τοῦ ποινικοῦ δικαίου ἀπὸ τοῦ Corpus Iuris Civilis μέχρι τῶν Βασιλικῶν, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte, Band 6), Frankfurt/M. 1980, pp. 123-124 (πίναξ πηγῶν, s.v. Βασιλικά)
231. Σπ. Τρωιάνος, ‘Τα ναυάγια, η Νεαρά 64 Λέοντος του Σοφού και το κείμενο των Βασιλικών’, Πειραϊκή Νομολογία 14 (1992), pp. 488-495 (= Σπ. Τρωιάνος, Οι Νεαρές Λέοντος Ϛ´ του Σοφού. Προλεγόμενα, κείμενο, απόδοση στη νεοελληνική, ευρετήρια και επίμετρο, Αθήνα 2007, pp. 515-526)
232. Σπ. Τρωιάνος, Κεφάλαια βυζαντινού ποινικού δικαίου, Αθήνα / Κομοτηνή 1996
233. Σπ. Τρωιάνος, ‘Ὑπῆρχε προστασία τοῦ περιβάλλοντος στὸ Βυζάντιο;’, in Σπ. Τρωιάνος / Κ. Γ. Πιτσάκης, Φυσικὸ καὶ δομημένο περιβάλλον στὶς βυζαντινὲς νομικὲς πηγές, (Ὑλικό, φυσικὸ καὶ πνευματικὸ περιβάλλον στὸν Βυζαντινὸ καὶ Μεταβυζαντινὸ κόσμο, 12), Ἀθήνα 1998, pp. 11-61
234. Sp. Troianos, Historia et Ius. I: 1969 – 1988; II: 1989 – 2004, Athen 2004[7]
235. Troianos, Κατευόδιον (No. [95] above), pp. 213-214 (πίνακας πηγών, s.v. Β(ασιλικά))
236. Σπ. Τρωιάνος, ‘Το έμβρυο στο βυζαντινό δίκαιο’, Ἐπετηρὶς τοῦ Κέντρου Ἐρεύνης τῆς Ἱστορίας τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ Δικαίου 44 (2012-2013), 129-172
237. Σπ. Τρωιάνος, Εισηγήσεις βυζαντινού δικαίου, Αθήνα 2014, passim
238. H.E. Troje, Graeca leguntur. Die Aneignung des byzantinischen Rechts und die Enstehung eines humanistischen Corpus iuris civilis in der Jurisprudenz des 16. Jahrhunderts, (Forschungen zur neueren Privatrechtsgeschichte, Band 18), Köln / Wien 1971, p. 352 (Register, s.v. Basiliken)
239. R.D. Vriesendorp, ‘A Note on Bas. XX,1,55: Mommsen Deceived?’, Subseciva Groningana I (1984), pp. 129-131
240. N. van der Wal, ‘La constitution de Zénon περὶ καινοτομίων et sa place dans le Code de Justinien’, in E. von Caemmerer / J.H. Kaiser / G. Kegel / W. Mueller-Freienfels / H.J. Wolff (edd.), Ξένιον.Festschrift für P.J. Zepos, I, Athen 1973, pp. 725-734 (729ff.)
241. M.S. Youni, ‘Adultery in Byzantine Law: Development and Survivals’ in Papastathis, Byzantine Law (No. [192] above), pp. 279-298 passim

The Basilica scholia

Introducing the Basilica scholia

242. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), pp. 143-146
243. Pieler, ‘Byzantinische Rechtsliteratur’ (No. [108] above), pp. 463-464
244. Pieler, ‘Νομικὴ Φιλολογία’, (No. [109] above), pp. 344-347, and 355-357
245. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 281-284 [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 185-188]
246. Van der Wal / Lokin, Delineatio (No. [112] above), pp. 90-92, 99-100, 133-134, and 135

The issue of the older and the younger Basilica scholia

Regarding the Basilica scholia, there are two separate groups to be distinguished. The first group consists of the so-called older scholia. These scholia are essentially nothing more than extracts and text fragments originating from legal works written by the antecessores and σχολαστικοί in the sixth- and early seventh centuries. It concerns text fragments not adopted into the Basilica text. The older scholia pertain to the same passages from the Digest, the Code, and the Novels as those underlying the Basilica text. Thus, the older scholia refer directly to the various parts of the sixth century legislation of Justinian. The second group consists of the younger scholia. These scholia are explanations and notes specifically written for the Basilica text. The younger scholia allude directly to the text of the Basilica which was compiled in the later ninth century. For the question how to distinguish between the older and the younger Basilica scholia, see Nos. [10] – [16] above.

There has been much debate regarding the questions when, and with what purpose both groups of scholia were added to the text of the Basilica. The answer to the question ‘when’ varied from the tenth – or even late ninth – to the eleventh and twelfth centuries: it tended to depend on the individual scholar’s point of view whether the older and younger scholia were added to the Basilica text in separate groups at different times, or together at the same time. It has been argued that in the latter case, the specific purpose of the addition of the scholia was to form a continuous commentary, sometimes referred to as a catena or glossa ordinaria, on the Basilica text. It was the German scholar Schminck who argued that the older and the younger scholia always occur together in all Basilica manuscripts – thus, that there would be no Basilica manuscript exclusively containing old scholia –, and that there are no traces to be found of a catena commentary on the Basilica text in the legal literature of the tenth- and the first decades of the eleventh centuries. Thus, the theory according to which the older and the younger scholia would have been added to the Basilica text separately at completely different times would not be very plausible. Rather, the older and numerous younger scholia would have been added together, at the same time, viz. towards to mid-eleventh century, in order to form a continuous commentary on the Basilica text. All this would have happened under the direction of the νομοφύλαξ John Xiphilinos at the school of law initiated by emperor Constantine IX Monomachos. However, recent research has shown that there is more than enough reason to hold on to the traditional point of view that the older and the younger scholia were indeed added to the Basilica text separately at completely different times, if only because there is at least one Basilica manuscript exclusively containing old scholia: cod. Paris. gr. 1349.

247. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Tenth Century Constantinople: Centre of Legal Learning? Second thoughts concerning the addition of the older scholia to the Basilica text’, Fontes Minores XII (2014), pp. 69-96
248. Burgmann / Fögen, ‘Florilegium Lesbiacum’ (No. [83] above), pp. 126-127 with reference to older literature in note 54 (= Burgmann, Ausgewählte Aufsätze (No. [83] above), pp. 26-27 with note 54)
249. Chitwood, Byzantine Legal Culture (No. [114] above), pp. 10-11 and 150-183 (passim, in particular 177-178)
250. A. Salač, Novella constitutio saec. XI medii quae est de schola iuris Constantinopoli con-stituenda et legum custode creando, a Ioanne Mauropode conscripta, a Constantino IX Monomacho promulgata, (Československá Akademie ved. Kabinet pro studia řecká, římská a latinská. Textus breves graeci et latini, 1), Pragae 1954
251. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), pp. 45-52 with full references, and 1

Studies relating to the Basilica scholia in general

252. Van Bochove, To Date and Not to Date (No. [113] above), p. 235 (Index, s.v. Basilica-scholia)
253. Van Bochove, ‘Scholia and Index Titulorum’ (No. [177] above)
254. F. Brandsma, ‘Some Basilica Scholia on Digest texts that were not interpolated’, in Piro, Règle et pratique du droit  (No. [204] above), pp. 261-271
255. F. Brandsma, ‘Gab es eine Form der Ehescheidung bei den Römern seit der lex Iulia de aldulteriis? Einige Bemerkungen zu D. 24,2,9’, in U. Manthe / Sh. Nishimura / M. Igimi (Hrgb.), Aus der Werktstatt römischer Juristen. Vorträge der Europäisch-Ostasiatischen Tagung 2013 in Fukuoka, (Freiburger Rechtsgeschichtliche Abhandlungen. Abteilung A: Abhandlungen zum Römischen Recht und zur Antiken Rechtsgeschichte, Neue Folge, Band 75), Berlin 2016, pp. 9-22
256. Chitwood, Byzantine Legal Culture (No. [114] above), passim
257. Fontes Minores, Vols. I – XII, Quellenverzeichnis (s.v. Basilikenscholien) of every volume: listings of individual Basilica scholia discussed or occurring in the relevant volume
258. L. Gagliardi, ‘Querela inofficiosi testamenti con pluralidad de herederos forzosos (derecho romano y bizantino)’, Seminarios Complutenses de Derecho Romano XXVIII (2015), pp. 381–396
259. Goria, Tradizione romana e innovazioni bizantine (No. [199] above), pp. 141-142 (Index, s.v. Basilicorum scholia)
260. H. de Jong, ‘The condictio furtiva incerti (ὁ φούρτιβος κονδικτίκιος ἴγκερτος) from D. 13,1,12,2 in Byzantine Law’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechts-geschichte, romanistische Abteilung 128 (2011), pp. 217-238
261. H. de Jong, ‘A Byzantine interpretation of D. 12,1,32 and similar Digest fragments’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 80 (2012), pp. 47-76
262. H. de Jong, ‘Some Remarks on “mandatum incertum” in Byzantine Law’, Revue internationale des droits de l’antiquité, 3e série, 69 (2012), 283-305
263. H. de Jong, ‘Ἀνὴρ ἀγαθός (vir bonus) – Eine byzantinische Interpretation des Digesten-fragments 17,1,48,2’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsge-schichte, romanistische Abteilung 130 (2013), pp. 348-372
264. H. de Jong, ‘The application of natura (φύσις) in Byzantine Law’, Byzantinische Zeitschrift 106/2 (2013), pp. 683-712
265. H. de Jong, ‘Byzantine and the Medieval West Roman tradition. A dual exegesis of consumpta pecunia in D. 12,1’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 81 (2013), 561-571
266. H. de Jong, ‘The actio institoria utilis and its variants in Byzantine law’, Fontes Minores XII ( 2014), pp. 235-278
267. De Jong, ‘Some remarks on the (non-)appearance of ἑταιρεία’ (No. [201] above)
268. De Jong, ‘Die actio in duplum’ (No. [202] above)
269. Lokin, ‘Wills in Byzantine Law’ (No. [203] above), passim
270. Lokin, ‘Pactum tacitum in favorem tertii’ (No. [206] above)
271. Lokin / Stolte, Introduzione al diritto bizantino (No. [67] above), pp. 696-697 (Indice delle fonti, s.v. Scholia ad Basilica)
272. F. Lombardo, ‘La regola e l’eccezione: il principio alteri stipulari nemo potest e la cautio iudicatum solvi in età tardoantica’, IURA. Rivista internazionale di diritto romano e antico 61 (2013), pp. 87-135
273. C. Matheeussen, ‘L’interprétation du gratuité du mandat dans les scholies des Basiliques et la réductibilité du “salaire” du mandataire’, Subseciva Groningana III (1989) (Proceedings of the Symposium on the Occasion of the Completion of a New Edition of the Basilica, Groningen, 1 – 4 June, 1988), pp. 49-59
274. M. Miglietta, ‘Note a proposito di una citazione espressa del Codice Teodosiano in Sch. 12 ad Bas. 8.1.15’, Seminarios Complutenses de Derecho Romano XXVIII (2015), pp. 711–726
275. V.M. Minale, ‘Diritto bizantino ed eresia manichea. Alcune riflessioni su sch. 3 ad Bas. 21.1.45’, Iuris Antiqui Historia. An International Journal of Ancient Law 7 (2015), pp. 129–152
276. L. Müller, Die Scholien zu Buch 21 Titel 1 der Basiliken, (Neue Kölner Rechts-wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Heft 41), Berlin 1966
277. Penna, The Byzantine Imperial Acts (No. [215] above), pp. 327-328 (Index of legal sources, s.v. Basilica Scholia)
278. R. Pesaresi, Studi sull’actio de peculio, Bari 2012
279. F. Pringsheim, ‘Über die Basiliken-Scholien’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte, romanistische Abteilung 80 (1963), pp. 287-341
280. J.-D. Rodríguez Martín, ‘Lost and Found: On Recovery of Forgotten Classical Institutions in Early Byzantine Legal Texts’, in Signes Codoñer / Pérez Martín, Textual Transmission in Byzantium (No. [11] above), pp. 513-538 passim
281. Scheltema, ‘Les sources du droit de Justinien’ (No. [216] above)
282. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Über den Ausdruck “Procanon”’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 23 (1955), pp. 83-92 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 283-289)
283. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Über die Scholienapparate der Basiliken’, Ἀριστοτέλειον Πανεπιστήμιον Θεσσαλονίκης. Ἐπιστημονικὴ ἐπετηρὶς ἐκδιδομένη ὑπὸ τῆς Σχολῆς τῶν Νομικῶν καὶ Οἰκονομικῶν Ἐπιστημῶν 8 (1960-1963) (Μνημόσυνον Περικλέους Βιζουκίδου), pp. 139-145) (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 359-364)
284. Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 492-502 (Table des textes cités, s.v. Basiliques, Scolies)
285. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), p. 137 (Quellenverzeichnis, s.v. Basiliken-Scholien)
286. A. Schminck, ‘Subsiciva Byzantina. II: Συμβόλαιον’ Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 83 (2015), pp. 133-139
287. L. Schmitt, ‘Die Scholien zu Buch XII Titel I der Basiliken’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 24 (1956), pp. 158-178
288. E. Seidl, ‘Die Basilikenscholien im Tipukeitos’, Byzantinische Zeitschrift 44 (1951), pp. 534-540
289. Signes Codoñer / Rodríguez Martín, Estudios de lexicografía jurídica bizantina (No. [180] above), pp. 346-348 (Índice de fuentes, s.v. Basilica, Textus et Scholia)
290. Simon, Untersuchungen (No. [222] above), pp. 384-386 (Quellenverzeichnis, s.v. Basiliken (BS)
291. B.H. Stolte jr., ‘Interpretatio schol(i)astica: Dig. 27,1,14,4’, in Aerts / Lokin / Radt / Van der Wal, ΣΧΟΛΙΑ (No. [223] above), pp. 135-141
292. B.H. Stolte, ‘Legal Practice in Justinian’s Time: the Scholia on the Basilica’, in Piro, Règle et pratique du droit  (No. [204] above), pp. 525-535
293. Τρωιάνου, Ὁ “Ποινάλιος” τοῦ Ἐκλογαδίου (No. [230] above), pp. 123-124 (πίναξ πηγῶν, s.v. Βασιλικῶν σχόλια)
294. Troianos, Historia et Ius (No. [234] above)

Older scholiasts: see Antecessores and σχολαστικοί

Younger scholiasts

Doxapatres

295. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 145
296. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), p. 41 with note 140
297. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 282 and 337 [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 186 and 224]

Garidas

298. Van Bochove, ‘ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ’ (No. [163] above), pp. 47-48
299. M.Th. Fögen, ‘Byzantinische Kommentare zu römischen Aktionen’, Fontes Minores VIII (1990) (Lexica Iuridica Byzantina), pp. 215-248 (244-246)
300. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), pp. 42-43
301. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 290-291 and 296 [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 192, and 193]

Hagiotheodorites

302. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 145
303. D. Penna, ‘Hagiotheodorites: the last antecessor? Some remarks on one of the ‘new’ Basilica scholiasts’, Subseciva Groningana IX (2014) (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 399-427
304. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), pp. 48-50
305. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 282-283 [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 186-187]

Kalokyros Sextos

306. L. Burgmann, ‘Kalokyros “Sextos”. Anmerkungen zu einem Basiliken-scholiasten’, Subseciva Groningana III (1989) (Proceedings of the Symposium on the Occasion of the Completion of a New Edition of the Basilica, Groningen, 1 – 4 June, 1988), pp. 11-21
307. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 145
308. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 282 [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 186]

Gregorius (Constantinus) Nicaeus

309. F. Brandsma, ‘Im Westen nichts Neues. Das Abstraktionsprinzip und das byzantinische Recht’, Subseciva Groningana. VIII (2009), pp. 127-133 (in particular 129-131)
310. L. Burgmann, ‘Eine byzantinische Juristenkontroverse zum kirchlichen Ver-jährungsprivileg’, in Aerts / Lokin / Radt / Van der Wal, ΣΧΟΛΙΑ (No. [223] above), pp. 11-27
311. D. Penna, ‘The eleventh-century Byzantine jurist Nicaeus. His scholia on the Basilica laws and his connection to the Meditatio de nudis pactis’, forthcoming in Fontes Minores XIII
312. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 145
313. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), pp. 40-44
314. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 282 and 293 [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 186 and 194]

Nomophylax: see John Xiphilinus

John Xiphilinus

315. Van Bochove, ‘Tenth Century Constantinople’ (No. [247] above), pp. 70 with note 3, and 84-85
316. Chitwood, Byzantine Legal Culture (No. [114] above), pp. 150-183 passim
317. P. Lemerle, “Le gouvernement des philosophes”. Notes et remarques sur l’enseignement, les écoles, la culture, in: P. Lemerle, Cinq études sur le XI^e siècle byzantin, No. IV, (Le monde byzantine), Paris 1977, 193-248 (in particular 207-212)
318. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 144-145
319. Schminck, Studien (No. [70] above), pp. 29-32, 40-45, and 51
320. A. Schminck, ‘Zur Einzelgesetzgebung der “makedonischen” Kaiser’, Fontes Minores XI (2005), pp. 269-323 (319-320)
321. W. Wolska-Conus, ‘Les écoles de Psellos et de Xiphilin sous Constantin IX Monomaque’, Travaux et Mémoires 6 (1976), pp. 223-243
322. W. Wolska-Conus, ‘L’école de droit et l’enseignement du droit à Byzance au XI^e siècle: Xiphilin et Psellos’, Travaux et Mémoires 7 (1979), pp. 1-107 (13-31)
323. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 217, 282-284, and 293-294 [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 140, 186-187, and 194-195]

VII. Legal education and antecessores

Introducing legal education

324. Chitwood, Byzantine Legal Culture (No. [114] above), pp. 152-162
325. G. Falcone, ‘Premessa per uno studio sulla produzione didattica degli antecessores’, in Lokin / Stolte, Introduzione al diritto bizantino (No. [67] above), pp. 147-157
326. J.H.A. Lokin, Rechtenonderwijs en rechtspraktijk in de zesde eeuw na Christus. Rede uitgesproken bij de openlijke aanvaarding van het ambt van gewoon hoogleraar in het romeinse recht aan de rijksuniversiteit van Groningen op 20 juni 1978, Groningen 1978
327. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), 118-135
328. Pieler, ‘Byzantinische Rechtsliteratur’ (No. [108] above), pp. 404-407 and 419-426 [Pieler, ‘Νομικὴ Φιλολογία’ (No. [109] above, pp. 268-271 and 289-298]
329. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Over de tijdsbepaling der vroeg-Byzantijnsche juristen’, Tijdschrift voor Geschiedenis 74 (1956), pp. 277-284 (= Historische Avonden. Vierde bundel geschiedkundige opstellen, uitgegeven door het Historisch Genootschap te Groningen ter gelegenheid van zijn vijfenzeventigjarig bestaan, Groningen 1961, pp. 5-12) (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 307-314)
330. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. XIV. Chronologisches’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 32 (1964), pp. 255-257 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 145-147)
331. H.J. Scheltema, L’enseignement de droit des antécesseurs, (Byzantina neerlandica. Series B: Studia, I), Leiden 1970 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 58-110)
332. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 99-108 and 134-139 [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 54-59 and 77-81]
333. Van der Wal / Lokin, Delineatio (No. [112] above), pp. 38-46

Legal language and termini technici

The studies listed below do not all directly relate to the Basilica cum scholiis, and the technical terms occurring in them. However, the studies in the present section are important in that they elucidate the way in which the Byzantines themselves dealt with legal termini technici. In this respect, special mention should be made of Volume VIII of the Fontes Minores in its entirety, a thematic issue provided with its own title Lexica Iuridica Byzantina, edited by L. Burgmann, M.Th. Fögen, R. Meijering, and B.H. Stolte, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte, Band 17), Frankfurt/M. 1990. The volume is also important for its elaborate and extensive indices. The individual studies published in the volume are listed separately below. The studies appearing in the present section also illustrate the history of the technical terms in the lexicography up to the present day, and are indicative of the problems facing the compilers of a new Byzantine lexicon of purely legal terms. See also the section Subsidia. 5) Lexica above.

334. F.J. Andrés Santos, ‘Algunos problemas de traducción de la terminología jurídica romana en el imperio bizantino’, Minerva. Revista de Filología Clásica 19 (2006), pp. 285-296
335. F.J. Andrés Santos, ‘La literatura jurídica bizantina: un epigonismo creativo’, in Á. Sánchez-Ostiz / J.B. Torres Guerra / R. Martínez (edd.), De Grecia a Roma y de Roma a Grecia: un camino de ida y vuelta, Pamplona 2007, pp. 393-405
336. F.J. Andrés Santos, ‘Le langage juridique byzantin comme phenomene d’accul-turation juridique’, in B. Coppein / F. Stevens, Fred / L. Waelkens (eds.), Modernisme, tradition et acculturation juridique. Actes des Journées internationales de la Société d’Histoire du Droit tenues à Louvain, 28 mai – 1 juin 2008, (Iuris scripta historica (KVAB), 27), Leuven 2011, pp. 51–60
337. F.J. Andrés Santos, ‘El léxico jurídico-administrativo: algunos ejemplos’, in Signes Codoñer / Rodríguez Martín, Estudios de lexicografía jurídica bizantina (No. [180] above), pp. 149-189
338. Van Bochove, ‘Terminus technicus’ (No. [180] above)
339. L. Burgmann, ‘Byzantinische Rechtslexika’, Fontes Minores II (1977), pp. 87-146
340. L. Burgmann, ‘Das Lexikon ἄδετ – ein Theophilosglossar’ Fontes Minores VI (1984), pp. 19-61 (= Burgmann, Ausgewählte Aufsätze (No. [83] above), pp. 105-152)
341. L. Burgmann, ‘Ἀθανάσιος δίγλωσσος. Latina in der Novellenbearbeitung des Athanasios von Emesa’, Subseciva Groningana IV (1990) (Novella Constitutio. Studies in Honour of Nicolaas van der Wal), pp. 57-82
342. L. Burgmann, ‘Das Lexikon αὐσηθ’, Fontes Minores VIII (1990) (Lexica Iuridica Byzantina), pp. 249-337
343. L. Burgmann, ‘Λέξεις ῥωμαικαί. Lateinische Wörter in byzantinischen Rechtstexten’, in W. Hörandner / E. Trapp (Hrsg.), Lexicographica byzantina. Beiträge zum Symposion zur byzantinischen Lexikographie (Wien, 1.-4.3.1989), (Byzantina Vindobonensia, Band XX), Wien 1991, pp. 61-79
344. F. Castejón Luque, ‘El léxico para instrumentos y notarios en las fuentes jurídicas bizantinas de época macedonia’, in Signes Codoñer / Rodríguez Martín, Estudios de lexicografía jurídica bizantina (No. [180] above), pp. 233-271
345. M.Th. Fögen, ‘Das Lexikon zur Hexabiblos aucta’, Fontes Minores VIII (1990) (Lexica Iuridica Byzantina), pp. 153-214
346. Fögen, ‘Byzantinische Kommentare (No. [299] above), passim
347. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘Decisio as a Terminus Technicus’, Subseciva Groningana V (1992), pp. 21-31 (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 163-173)
348. C.M. Mazzucchi, ‘Il contesto culturale e linguistico. Introduzione al lessico giuridico greco’ in Lokin / Stolte, Introduzione al diritto bizantino (No. [67] above), pp. 71-78
349. R. Meijering, ‘῾Ρωμαϊκαὶ ἀγωγαί. Two Byzantine Treatises on Legal Actions’, Fontes Minores VIII (1990) (Lexica Iuridica Byzantina), pp. 1-152
350. M. Miglietta, ‘Trasmissione del testo e giurisprudenza bizantina: la tutela pretoria da Dig. 9.2 a Bas. 60.3 – Profili lessicali’, in Signes Codoñer / Rodríguez Martín, Estudios de lexicografía jurídica bizantina (No. [180] above), pp. 273-326
351. J.-D. Rodríguez Martín, ‘El campo semántico de cvlpa en las fuentes jurídicas bizantinas: cuestiones de lexicografía jurídica’, in Signes Codoñer / Rodríguez Martín, Estudios de lexicografía jurídica bizantina (No. [180] above), pp. 191-217
352. J. Signes Codoñer, ‘El léxico jurídico griego desde Justiniano hasta hoy’, in Signes Codoñer / Rodríguez Martín, Estudios de lexicografía jurídica bizantina (No. [180] above), pp. 83-123
353. J. Signes Codoñer, ‘Problemas metodológicos en la confección de un diccionario jurídico bizantino a partir del Procheiron, la Eisagoge y las Novelas de León VI’, in Signes Codoñer / Rodríguez Martín, Estudios de lexicografía jurídica bizantina (No. [180] above), pp. 125-147
354. B.H. Stolte, ‘The Lexicon Μαγκίπιουν’, Fontes Minores VIII (1990) (Lexica Iuridica Byzantina), pp. 339-380
355. Stolte, ‘Further to understanding the marginal gloss’ (No. [15] above)
356. B.H. Stolte, ‘Ἀγωγή antistricta? Bemerkungen anläßlich eines Fragments eines palimpsestierten Digestenkommentars’, in Leontaritou / Bourdara / Papagianni, Antecessor / Ἀντικήνσωρ (No. [179] above), pp. 1661-1665
357. Sp. Troianos, ‘Römisches Recht und byzantinisches Recht. Juristische Kuriosa bei den “Exhellenismoi”’, in Papastathis, Byzantine Law (No. [192] above), pp. 15-20
358. Σπ. Τρωιάνος, Η ελληνική νομική γλώσσα. Γένεση και μορφολογική εξέλιξη της νομικής ορολογίας στη ρωμαϊκή Ανατολή, Αθήνα – Κομοτηνή 2000
359. N. van der Wal, ‘Die Schreibweise der dem Lateinischen entlehnten Fachworte in der frühbyzantinischen Juristensprache’, Scriptorium 37 (1983), pp. 29-53
360. N. van der Wal, ‘Πράττειν, πραττόμενος und πρᾶξις als Fachworte im frühbyzan-tinischen Rechtsunterricht’, Subseciva Groningana I (1984), pp. 93-127
361. N. van der Wal, ‘Problèmes linguistiques rencontrés par les juristes byzantins’, in M. Gosman / J. van Os (edd.), Non Nova, Sed Nove. Mélanges de civilisation médiévale dédiés à Willem Noomen, (Mediaevalia Groningana, V), Groningen 1984, pp. 279-283
362. N. van der Wal. ‘Les termes techniques grecs dans la langue des juristes byzantins’, Subseciva Groningana VI (1999), pp. 127-141
363. N. van der Wal, ‘Opuscula varii argumenti. II: Nur im Griechischen verwendete lateinische Fachworte?’, Subseciva Groningana VI (1999), pp. 147-149
364. N. van der Wal, ‘Die Unterschiede zwischen der griechischen Gesetzessprache des sechsten Jahrhunderts und der Sprache der Schuljuristen’, Subseciva Groningana VIII (2009), pp. 161-165
365. Van der Wal, ‘Ἀνάγνωσμα yet again’ (No. [16] above)

Κατὰ πόδας and Authenticum

1) The κατὰ πόδας is not exactly a Greek translation of the Latin text of the Justinian Code, but rather some sort of glossary, a verbatim Greek rendering, in the manuscripts originally written between the lines of the Latin text of the Code, in this way that each Latin word corresponded with a Greek equivalent – or sometimes even two – written directly above it. The κατὰ πόδας was used by the antecessor Thalelaeus (see Nos. [] – [] below) as an auxiliary in his lectures on the Code. Extensive fragments of the κατὰ πόδας have been transmitted via the older Basilica scholia.

2) The Authenticum is the mirror image of the Greek κατὰ πόδας of the Justinian Code. In essence, it is a Latin κατὰ πόδας of the Greek Novels of Justinian. The origin of the Authenticum lies in a bilingual collection of Novels: the Latin κατὰ πόδας was written between the lines of the Greek original, in such a way that every Latin word corresponded exactly with the Greek word right below it. The antecessor Julianus (see Nos. [442] – [451] below) used the Authenticum as an auxiliary in his Latin course on the Justinian Novels. At a moment which can no longer be specified, the Authenticum was detached from its original: scribes started to copy only the Latin text, which was subsequently handed down independently.

1) Κατὰ πόδας

366. D. Holwerda, ‘Le Code de Justinien et sa traduction grecque. La mise en page du texte du Code et de sa traduction κατὰ πόδας’, Classica et Mediaevalia 23 (1962), pp. 274-292 (= J.H.A. Lokin / S.L. Radt / B.H. Stolte (Hrsg.), Exempla Philologica. Vier Aufsätze von D. Holwerda, Groningen 2000, pp. 1-15)
367. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 132
368. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. IX. Das Kata Podas’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 31 (1963), pp. 99-100 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 130-131)
369. Scheltema, L’enseignement (No. [331] above), pp. 32-40 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 81-87)
370. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Das Kommentarverbot Justinians’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 45 (1977), pp. 307-331(324-325) (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 403-428 (422-423))
371. S. Sciortino, ‘Sul rapporto tra il katà pódas e le traduzioni letterali di Taleleo dei rescritti in latino del Codex’, in C. Cascione / C. Masi Doria / G.D. Merola (a cura di), Modelli di un multiculturalismo giuridico. Il bilinguismo nel mondo antico. Diritto, prassi, insegnamento, Tomo II, ([Pubblicazioni del dipartimento di diritto romano, storia e teoria del diritto “F. De Martino” dell’università degli studi di Napoli “Federico II”, XXXVIII/2], Napoli 2013, pp. 741-758
372. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), p. 473 (Index, s.v. Κατά πόδα ερμηνεία) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, p. 330 (Index, s.v. Katà póda)]
373. N. van der Wal, ‘La relation entre le “κατὰ πόδας” et le commentaire du Code Justinien de Thalélée’, Revue historique de droit français et étranger 30 (1952), 546-552
374. Van der Wal, Les commentaires grecs (No. [5] above), pp. 49-63 and 80-104

2) Authenticum

375. Van Bochove, ‘ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ’ (No. [163] above), pp. 58-59
376. D. Holwerda, ‘Fouten in het Authenticum’, in R. Feenstra / J.H.A. Lokin / N. van der Wal (edd.), Flores legum H.J. Scheltema antecessori Groningano oblati, Groningen 1971, pp. 115-119 [German translation of this study: ‘Fehler im Authenticum’ in Lokin / Radt / Stolte, Exempla Philologica (No. [366] above), pp. 17-21]
377. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. XI. Das Authenticum’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 31 (1963), pp. 275-279 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 133-137)
378. Scheltema, L’enseignement (No. [331] above), pp. 52-60 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 95-100)
379. R. Schöll / G. Kroll (edd.), Novellae, (Corpus iuris civilis, editio stereotypa secunda. Volumen III), Berolini 1895 (many reprints, most recently Cambridge 2014, with online publication December 2014)[8]
380. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 132-133, 138-139, and 196 [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 76 and 80]

Antecessores and σχολαστικοί

Justinian’s professors of law, and lawyers working directly after his reign, up to and including the early seventh century.

Anatolius

The antecessor Anatolius’ commentary on the Justinian Code – fragments of which survive in the Basilica scholia – has mainly been transmitted via the Excerpta Vaticana et Laurentiana.

381. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘Anatolius Antecessor’, in H. Hokwerda / E.R. Smits / M.M. Woesthuis (eds.), Polyphonia Byzantina. Studies in Honour of Willem J. Aerts, (Mediaevalia Groningana, XIII), Groningen 1993, pp. 97-103 (revised version of this article in Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 81-87; revision based on Lokin / Meijering, The Excerpta (No. [384] below), pp. 24-30))
382. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 133
383. J.H.A. Lokin / R. Meijering, Anatolius and the Excerpta Vaticana et Laurentiana. Edition and Commentary, Groningen 1999
384. J.H.A. Lokin / R. Meijering, The Excerpta Vaticana et Laurentiana, in Lokin / Meijering, Anatolius (No. [383] above), pp. 1-85
385. R. Meijering, The Text Constitution of VL and the Tradition of the Summa Anatolii, in Lokin / Meijering, Anatolius (No. [383] above), pp. 87-122
386. R. Meijering, Anatolius and the Codex, in Lokin / Meijering, Anatolius (No. [383] above), pp. 123-273
387. R. Meijering, ‘Anatolius and Peter of Cardona on Sports and Sportulae: C. 3.10.2 and 3.43.1’ Subseciva Groningana. VI (1999), pp. 77-90
388. Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), p. 511 (Table des personnes et des noms géographiques, s.v. Anatolius)
389. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 137 and 466 (Index, s.v. Ανατόλιος (αντικήνσωρ)) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 79 and 325 (Index, s.v. Anatolio)]
390. Van der Wal, Les commentaires grecs (No. [5] above), pp. 111-113

Anonymus (older)

391. L. Burgmann, ‘Neue Zeugnisse der Digestensumme des Anonymos’, Fontes Minores VII (1986), pp. 101-116 (= Burgmann, Ausgewählte Aufsätze (No. [83] above), pp. 187-207)
392. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), pp. 128-129
393. Scheltema, ‘Kommentarverbot’ (No. [370] above), pp. 308-315) (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 404-412)
394. Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), p. 511 (Table des personnes et des noms géographiques, s.v. Anonymus I)
395. J.M. Sontis, Die Digestensumme des Anonymos. I: Zum Dotalrecht. (Ein Beitrag zur Frage der Entstehung des Basilikentextes), (Heidelberger rechtswissen-schaftliche Abhandlungen, 23), Heidelberg 1937
396. B.H. Stolte, ‘The Digest Summa of the Anonymus and the Collectio Tripartita, or the Case of the Elusive Anonymi’, Subseciva Groningana II (1985), pp. 47-58
397. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), p. 466 (Index, s.v. Ανώνυμος (παλαιός) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, p. 334 (Index, s.v. Vecchio Anonimo)]
398. N. van der Wal, ‘Die Juristennamen in der Digestensumma des Anonymos’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 46 (1978), pp. 147-149

Anonymus (younger) / Enantiophanes

399. Van Bochove, ‘ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ’ (No. [163] above), pp. 50-55 and 74-75
400. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), pp. 129-131
401. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Über die angebliche Anonymuskatene’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 25 (1957), pp. 284-301 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 315-326)
402. Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), p. 511 (Table des personnes et des noms géographiques, s.v. Anonymus II-Enantiophanes)
403. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), p. 466 (Index, s.v. Ανώνυμος-Εναντιοφανής) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, p. 325 (Index, s.v. Anonimo Enantiofane)]
404. N. van der Wal, ‘Wer war der “Enantiophanes”?’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 48 (1980), pp. 125-136
405. W.J. Zwalve, ‘Περὶ ᾿Εναντιοφανειῶν’, in Aerts / Lokin / Radt / Van der Wal, ΣΧΟΛΙΑ (No. [223] above), pp. 149-155

Athanasius

Athanasius σχολαστικός, lawyer from Emesa (Homs) in Syria, is mainly known through his Syntagma of the Novels of Justinian, which has been transmitted independently from the Basilica scholia.

406. Van Bochove, ‘ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ’ (No. [163] above), pp. 48-50 and 61-63
407. Burgmann, ‘Ἀθανάσιος δίγλωσσος’ (No. [341] above)
408. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 134
409. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. XVII. La Collectio Novellarum d’Athanase’, Revue internationale des droits de l’antiquité, 3e série, 13 (1966), pp. 349-352 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 155-157
410. Scheltema, ‘Kommentarverbot’ (No. [370] above), pp. 315-317) (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 412-414)
411. Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), p. 511 (Table des personnes et des noms géographiques, s.v. Athanasius Emesenus)
412. D. Simon, ‘Zitate im Syntagma des Athanasios’, Fontes Minores VI (1984), pp. 1-18
413. D. Simon, ‘Einführung in die justinianischen Novellen’, Rechtshistorisches Journal 4 (1985), pp. 122-132
414. D. Simon, ‘Das Novellenexemplar des Athanasios’, Fontes Minores VII (1986), pp. 117-140
415. D. Simon, ‘Paratitla Athanasii’, Fontes Minores VII (1986), pp. 141-159
416. D. Simon / Sp. Troianos, ‘Die Epitome zum Novellensyntagma des Athanasios’ Fontes Minores III (1979), pp. 280-315
417. D. Simon / Sp. Troianos (Hrsg.), Das Novellensyntagma des Athanasios von Emesa, (Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte, Band 16), Frankfurt/M. 1989
418. F. Sitzia, ‘Il Syntagma Novellarum di Atanasio ed il Breviarium Novellarum di Teodoro’, in Prin 2004. “L’esperienza giuridica giustinianea dopo la Compila-zione. Novelle e interpreti”. Esiti di una ricerca, (Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”. Dipartimento di Scienze Giuridiche ed Economiche), sine loco, sine dato (2008), pp. 15-24
419. B.H. Stolte, ‘The Collectio Tripartita and the Epitome Athanasii: problems for an editor’, Subseciva Groningana IV (1990) (Novella Constitutio. Studies in Honour of Nicolaas van der Wal), pp. 221-231
420. Sp. Troianos, ‘Zum Aufbau des Titels Περὶ διαφόρων ἀναγνωσμάτων im Novellensyntagma des Athanasios’, in L. Burgmann / M.Th. Fögen / A. Schminck (Hrsg.), Cupido legum, Frankfurt/M. 1985, pp. 235-244
421. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 153-157 and 466 (Index, s.v. Αθανάσιος Εμεσηνός) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 91-94 and 327 (Index, s.v. Atanasio Emesino)]

Cyrillus

422. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 128
423. Scheltema, ‘Kommentarverbot’ (No. [370] above), 308-315) (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 404-412)
424. Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), p. 512 (Table des personnes et des noms géographiques, s.v. Cyrillus)
425. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), p. 473 (Index, s.v. Κύριλλος (νομικός)) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, p. 326 (Index, s.v. Cirillo)]

Dorotheus

426. F. Brandsma, ‘An inappropriate use of Novels? On the date of the Digest translation of Dorotheus’, Subseciva Groningana IV (1990), (Novella Constitutio. Studies in Honour of Nicolaas van der Wal), pp. 51-55
427. F. Brandsma, ‘Enige mededelingen over de ‘interpolatieneigingen’ van een der Digestencompilatoren’, Groninger Opmerkingen en Mededelingen XII (1995), pp. 54-6
428. F. Brandsma, Dorotheus and His Digest Translation, Groningen 1996
429. F. Brandsma, ‘Could the interdictum unde vi be brought by a tenant? D. 43,16,18pr. and Dorotheus, a Subsecivum Groninganum’, Subseciva Gronin-gana IX (2014) (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 319-326
430. D. Holwerda, ‘Rührt der Text von PSI 1350 von Dorotheos her?’, Subseciva Groningana V (1992), pp. 33-40 (= Lokin / Radt / Stolte, Exempla Philologica (No. [366] above), pp. 23-30)
431. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 128
432. Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), p. 512 (Table des personnes et des noms géographiques, s.v. Dorotheus)
433. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 136 and 469 (Index, s.v. Δωρόθεος (αντικήνσωρ)) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 79 and 327 (Index, s.v. Doroteo)]

Isidorus

434. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 132
435. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. VI. Der Digestenkommentar Isidors’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 31 (1963), pp. 95-96 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 124-125)
436. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. VIII. Der Kodexunterricht Isidors’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 31 (1963), pp. 98-99 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 128-129)
437. Scheltema, L’enseignement (No. [331] above), pp. 29-30 and 40-42 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 79-80 and 87-88)
438. Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), p. 512 (Table des personnes et des noms géographiques, s.v. Isidorus)
439. D. Simon / A. Siphoniu-Karapa, ‘Eine Fragmentesammlung aus dem Baroccianus 173’, Fontes Minores III (1979), pp. 1-23 (3-11)
440. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 136, 137 and 472 (Index, s.v. Ισίδωρος (αντικήνσωρ)) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 79 and 329 (Index, s.v. Isidoro)]
441. Van der Wal, Les commentaires grecs (No. [5] above), pp. 105-110

Julianus

The antecessor Julianus is the author of a completely preserved Latin index of Justinian’s Greek Novels, known under the title Juliani Epitome Latina Novellarum Justiniani. Julianus also produced two sets of notes. The first of these is known under the name Scholia anonyma in constitutiones aliquot: it is incomplete. The second – complete – set consists of short comments which are known as Paratitla. The relation between the Scholia and the Paratitla is unclear. See also the section on the Authenticum (Nos. [375] – [380]).

442. Van Bochove, ‘ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ’ (No. [163] above), pp. 60-61
443. Th.E. van Bochove, ‘Paratitla, Xenodochia and Constitutio Leoniana. The antecessor Julian on Justinian’s Nov. 7,1’, in De Ligt / De Ruiter / Slob / Tevel / Van de Vrugt / Winkel, Viva Vox Iuris Romani (No. [205] above), pp. 399-409
444. G. Haenel (ed.), Iuliani Epitome Latina Novellarum Iustiniani, Lipsiae 1873 (repr. Osnabrück 1965) [second repr. in P. Fiorelli / A.M. Bartoletti Colombo, Iuliani Epitome Latina Novellarum Iustiniani. Secondo l’edizione di Gustavo Hänel e col glossario d’Antonio Agustín, (Legum Iustiniani imperatoris vocabularium), Firenze 1996][9]
445. W. Kaiser, Die Epitome Iuliani. Beiträge zum römischen Recht im frühen Mittelalter und zum byzantinischen Rechtsunterricht, (Studien zur europäischen Rechtsgeschichte, Band 175), Frankfurt/M. 2004
446. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. XIII. Die Epitome Novellarum Iulians’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 31 (1963), pp. 282-284 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 142-144)
447. Scheltema, L’enseignement (No. [331] above), pp. 47-60 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 91-100)
448. Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), p. 513 (Table des personnes et des noms géographiques, s.v. Julianus antecessor)
449. D. Simon / Sp. Troianos / G. Weiß, ‘Zum griechischen Novellenindex des Iulian’, Fontes Minores II (1977), pp. 1-29
450. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 137-139 and 472 (Index, s.v. Ιουλιανός (αντικήνσωρ)) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 80-81 and 329 (Index, s.v. Giuliano (antecessor))]
451. N. van der Wal, ‘Die Paratitla zur Epitome Juliani’, Subseciva Groningana II (1985), pp. 93-137

Kobidas

452. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 127
453. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. XV. Kobidas’, Revue internationale des droits de l’antiquité, 3e série, 13 (1966), pp. 341-343 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 148-150)
454. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 135 and 170 [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 78 and 104]

Stephanus

455. H. de Jong, Stephanus en zijn Digestenonderwijs, (CRBS – Dissertatiereeks), Den Haag 2008
456. H. de Jong, ‘Stephanus en zijn Digestenonderwijs. Ὁ κέρτος γενικὸς κονδικτίκιος’, in D. Heirbaut / X. Rousseaux / A. Wijffels (eds.), Histoire du droit et de la justice: une nouvelle génération de recherches. Actes des dix-neuvième journées belgo-néerlandaises d’histoire du droit et de la justice (10-11-12 décembre 2008, UCL, Louvain-la-Neuve) / Justitie- en rechtsgeschiedenis: een nieuwe onderzoeks-generatie. Akten van het negentiende Belgisch-Nederlands Rechtshistorisch Colloquium (10-11-12 december 2008, UCL, Louvain-la-Neuve), Louvain 2009, pp. 177-192
457. H. de Jong, ‘Stephanus on the condictio de bene depensis (ὁ ἀπὸ καλοῦ δαπανήματος κονδικτίκιος)’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 78 (2010), pp. 15-35
458. H. de Jong, ‘The Development of Enrichment Liability: Byzantine Law in the Teachings of the Digest of Stephanus’, Fundamina 16,1 (2010), pp. 29-39
459. H. de Jong, ‘Stephanus on the Condictiones in D. 12,1: A Byzantine Classification’, Ἐπετηρὶς τοῦ Κέντρου Ἐρεύνης τῆς Ἱστορίας τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ Δικαίου 44 (2012), pp. 193-207
460. De Jong, ‘The application of natura’ (No. [264] above)
461. De Jong, ‘Byzantine and the Medieval West Roman tradition’ (No. [265] above)
462. A. Laniado, ‘Belisarius in the City of God. Stephanus Antecessor on three ceremonies in Constantinople and Antioch’, in H. Börm/J. Wiesehöfer (eds.), Commutatio et contentio. Studies in the Late Roman, Sasanian, and Early Islamic Near East in memory of Zeev Rubin, Düsseldorf 2010, pp. 273-292
463. A. Laniado, ‘Stephanus Antecessor, Iamblichus and the Natura Contractus: Law and philosophy in 6^th century Byzantium’, in Leontaritou / Bourdara / Papagianni, Antecessor / Ἀντικήνσωρ (No. [179] above), pp. 817-825
464. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), p. 127
465. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Über die Werke des Stephanus’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 26 (1958), pp. 5-14 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 331-337)
466. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. V. Der Digestenunterricht des Stephanus’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 31 (1963), pp. 94-95 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 122-123)
467. Scheltema, L’enseignement (No. [331] above), pp. 24-29 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 75-79)
468. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 135-136 and 479 (Index, s.v. Στέφανος (αντικήνσωρ)) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 78 and 333 (Index, s.v. Stefano (antecessor))]
469. Van der Wal, Les commentaires grecs (No. [5] above), pp. 117-118 (dealing with Stephanus’ commentary on the Justinian Code)
470. N. van der Wal, ‘Encore une fois le P. Reinach inv. 2173’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 47 (1979), pp. 275-276

Thalelaeus. See also the section on the κατὰ πόδας (Nos. [366] – [374] above).

471. G. Falcone, ‘Una traccia di un commentario scritto di Taleleo alle Institutiones (Cod Laurentianus Gr. LXXX.1, fol. 3)’, Seminarios Complutenses de Derecho Romano XXVII (2014 [2015]), pp. 181–196
472. F. Goria, ‘Die Codexvorlesungen von Thalelaios über die Rechtsanwälte’, Subseciva Groningana VII (2001), pp. 15-23
473. F. Goria, ‘Thalelaios und die Rechtsregeln’, Subseciva Groningana IX (2014) (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 37-57
474. D. Holwerda, ‘Eine Stileigenheit des Thalelaios?’, Subseciva Groningana I (1984), pp. 11-41
475. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), pp. 131-132
476. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. VII. Der Kodexunterricht des Thalelaeus’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 31 (1963), pp. 97-98 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 126-127)
477. Scheltema, L’enseignement (No. [331] above), pp. 32-40 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 81-87)
478. Sciortino, ‘Sul rapporto tra il katà pódas e le traduzioni letterali di Taleleo (No. [371] above)
479. S. Sciortino, ‘La relazione tra il κατὰ πόδας e le traduzioni di Taleleo dei rescritti latini del Codex’, AUPA. Annali del Seminario Giuridico della Università degli Studi di Palermo 56 (2013), pp. 113–157
480. S. Sciortino, ‘Conjectures regarding Thalelaios’ commentary on the Novus Codex’, Subseciva Groningana IX (2014) (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 157-185
481. D. Simon, ‘Aus dem Kodexunterricht des Thalelaios. A: Methode’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte, romanistische Abteilung 86 (1969), pp. 334-383
482. D. Simon, ‘Aus dem Kodexunterricht des Thalelaios. B: Die Heroen’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte, romanistische Abteilung 87 (1970), pp. 315-394
483. D. Simon, ‘Aus dem Kodexunterricht des Thalelaios. C. Interpolationsberichte’, Revue internationale des droits de l’antiquité, 3^e série, 16 (1969), pp. 283-308
484. D. Simon, ‘Aus dem Kodexunterricht des Thalelaios. D. Divergenzen zwischen Thalelaios-kommentar und Codexüberlieferung’, Revue internationale des droits de l’antiquité, 3^e série, 17 (1970), pp. 273-311
485. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 137 and 471 (Index, s.v. Θαλελαίος) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 79 and 333 (Index, s.v. Taleleo)]
486. Van der Wal, ‘La relation’ (No. [373] above)
487. Van der Wal, Les commentaires grecs (No. [5] above), pp. 64-79

Theodorus

Theodorus σχολαστικός, lawyer from Hermopolis in the Thebaid in Upper-Egypt, is the author of a commentary on the Justinian Code. However, he is chiefly known through his Breviarium of the Novels of Justinian, which has reached the present day in its entirety, independently from the Basilica scholia.

488. Van Bochove, ‘ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ’ (No. [163] above), pp. 63-72
489. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), pp. 133-134
490. H.R. Lug, ‘Ein Bruchstück des Codex-Kommentars des Theodoros’, Fontes Minores I (1976), pp. 1-15
491. G. Matino, ‘Teodoro di Ermopoli ed il commento alle Novelle di Giustiniano’, in Rigo / Babuin / Trizio, Vie per Bisanzio (No. [98] above), pp. 441–453
492. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Fragmenta Breviarii Codicis a Theodoro Hermopolitano confecti e Synopsi Erotematica collecta’, in W.F. Bakker / A.F. van Gemert / W.J. Aerts (edd.), Studia Byzantina et Neohellenica Neerlandica, (Byzantina Neerlandica, fasc. 3), Leiden 1972, pp. 9-35 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 371-394)
493. Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), p. 514 (Table des personnes et des noms géographiques, s.v. Theodorus Hermopolita)
494. Simon / Siphoniu-Karapa, ‘Eine Fragmentesammlung’ (No. [439] above), pp. 11-15
495. Sitzia, ‘Il Syntagma Novellarum di Atanasio ed il Breviarium Novellarum di Teodoro’ (No. [418] above)
496. F. Sitzia, ‘Theodorus e l’insegnamento degli σχολαστικοί nella storia del diritto bizantino’, in Lokin / Stolte, Introduzione al diritto bizantino (No. [67] above), pp. 189-237
497. F. Sitzia, ‘Il Breviarium Novellarum di Teodoro di Ermopoli’, Subseciva Groningana IX (2014), (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 187-241
498. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 153-157 and 471 (Index, s.v. Θεόδωρος Ερμοπολίτης) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 91-94 and 333 (Index, s.v. Teodoro Ermopolita)]
499. Van der Wal, Les commentaires grecs (No. [5] above), pp. 119-121
500. N. van der Wal, ‘Opuscula varii argumenti. III: Nov. Just. 159 ausgelegt von Theodorus Hermopolites’, Subseciva Groningana VI (1999), pp. 150-153
501. C.E. Zachariae (ed.), Ἀνέκδοτα. Theodori scholastici breviarium Novellarum, collectio regularum iuris ex Institutionibus, fragmenta breviarii Codicis a Stephano antecessore compositi, appendix Eclogae, fragmenta epitomae Novellarum graecae ab Anonymo sive Iuliano confectae, fragmenta Novellarum ex variorum commentariis, edicta praefectorum praetorio, Lipsiae 1843 (= Aalen 1969), pp. ix-lxi (prolegomena) and 1-165

Theophilus

The antecessor Theophilus is the author of a commentary on the Digest, covering only a limited number of books, numerous fragments of which survive via the Basilica scholia. However, Theophilus is better known through his Paraphrasis Institutionum, the Greek Paraphrase of the Institutes of Justinian, which has survived completely, and independently from the Basilica scholia.[10]

502. P. Costa, ‘Pecunia constituta: ipotesi interpretative’, Studia et Documenta Historiae et Iuris 77 (2011), pp. 129–255
503. G. Falcone, ‘La formazione del testo della Parafrasi di Teofilo’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 68 (2000), pp. 417-432
504. G. Falcone, ‘“Theophilus noster”. Zur Benutzung der Theophilos-Paraphrase seitens der humanistischen Jurisprudenz’, Iuris Antiqui Historia. An International Journal of Ancient Law 2 (2010), pp. 15 –21
505. G. Falcone, ‘Sull’inquadramento sistematico delle obbligazioni nella Parafrasi di Teofilo (e nelle Istituzioni giustinianee)’, in I. Piro (a cura di), Scritti per Alessandro Corbino, Volume 2, Libellula Edizioni, Tricase 2016, 503-522
506. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘Theophilus antecessor. I: The Codex Messanensis, hodie Kilianus. II: Was Theophilus the author of the Paraphrase?’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 44 (1976), pp. 337-344 (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 89-97))
507. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘Die Karriere des Theophilos Antecessor. Rang und Titel im Zeitalter Justinians’, Subseciva Groningana I (1984), pp. 43-68 (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 99-113))
508. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘Scholion in Theophili Paraphrasin 4.6.2’, in Aerts / Lokin / Radt / Van der Wal, ΣΧΟΛΙΑ (No. [223] above), pp. 75-89 (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 115-129))
509. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘Sane uno casu’, in J.A. Ankum / J.E. Spruit / F.B.J. Wubbe (eds.), Satura Roberto Feenstra sexagesimum quintum annum aetatis complenti ab alumnis collegis amicis oblata, Fribourg – Freiburg 1985, pp. 251-271 (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 131-149))
510. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘Dormitat bonus Homerus in Inst. 2.7.1’, in J.A. Ankum / R. Feenstra / J.E. Spruit / C.A. Cannata / Y. Le Roy/ P. Weimar (eds.), Mélanges Felix Wubbe offerts par ses collègues et ses amis à l’occasion de son soixante-dixième anniversaire, Fribourg – Freiburg 1993, pp. 295-299 (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 151-154))
511. J.H.A. Lokin, ‘Old questions arising from a new unpublished scholion on Institutes 2.20.6’, in Troianos, Κατευόδιον (No. [95] above), pp. 65-74 (= Lokin, Analecta Groningana (No. [6] above), pp. 155-162))
512. Lokin / Van Bochove, ‘Compilazione – educazione – purificazione’ (No. [107] above), pp. 122-126
513. J.H.A. Lokin / R. Meijering / B.H. Stolte / N. van der Wal (edd.), Theophili Antecessoris Paraphrasis Institutionum. With a translation by A.F. Murison, Groningen 2010
514. R. Meijering, ‘Traces of Byzantine legal literature in Theophilus scholia’, Subseciva Groningana IX (2014) (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 383-398
515. M. Miglietta, ‘“Il terzo capo della lex Aquilia e, ora, il secondo”. Considerazioni sul testo del plebiscito aquiliano alla luce della tradizione giuridica bizantina’, AUPA. Annali del Seminario Giuridico della Università degli Studi di Palermo 55 (2012), pp. 403–442
516. C. Russo Ruggeri, ‘Teofilo e la spes generandi’, IURA. Rivista internazionale di diritto romano e antico 58 (2010), pp. 169-195
517. C. Russo Ruggeri, ‘Gaio, la parafrasi e le ‘tre anime’ di Teofilo’, Studia et Documenta Historiae et Iuris 78 (2012), pp. 197-220
518. C. Russo Ruggeri, ‘Theophilus and the student publisher: a resolved issue?’, Subseciva Groningana IX (2014) (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 99-119
519. A.St. Scarcella, ‘The personality of Theophilus and the sources of the Paraphrase: a contribution’, Subseciva Groningana IX (2014) (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 121-155
520. H.J. Scheltema, ‘Subseciva. IV. Die Institutionenparaphrase Theophili’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 31 (1963), pp. 92-94 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 119-121)
521. Scheltema, L’enseignement (No. [331] above), pp. 17-23 and 30-31 (= Scheltema, Opera minora (No. [1] above), pp. 71-75 and 80)
522. Schminck, ‘Zur Auslassung des 1. Titels der Institutionen-Paraphrase (No. [125] above)
523. A. Schminck, ‘Subsiciva Byzantina. I: Zur ‘constitutio’ Βασιλικῆς’, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 83 (2015), pp. 126-132
524. B.H. Stolte, ‘Theophilus and the ‘Incorporeal’ Heir’, Fundamina 20/2 (2014), pp. 891-897
525. S. Tarozzi, ‘Il termine ʻpersonaʼ nelle Istituzioni di Giustiniano e la sua traduzione nella Parafrasi di Teofilo’, Atti dell’Accademia Romanistica Costantiniana. XVIII Convegno internazionale, in onore di Remo Martini, Roma 2012, pp. 55-74
526. F. Terranova, ‘The ὅρος ἤτοι ἐτυμολογία of testamentum and the problem of sources in the Paraphrase of Theophilus’, Subseciva Groningana IX (2014) (Between Groningen and Palermo), pp. 243-265
527. Τρωιάνος, Οι πηγές (No. [111] above), pp. 134 and 471 (Index, s.v. Θεόφιλος (αντικήνσωρ) [Italian: Troianos, Le fonti, pp. 77 and 333 (Index, s.v. Teofilo (antecessor)]
528. R.D. Vriesendorp, ‘Die Paradoxe von Inst. 2,1,40 und 41’, Subseciva Groningana II (1985), pp. 59-91
529. N. van der Wal, ‘Die Prätoren in Konstantinopel und ein Scholion zur Institutionenparaphrase des Theophilos’, in Aerts / Lokin / Radt / Van der Wal, ΣΧΟΛΙΑ  (No. [223] above), pp. 143-148

Notes:

• [1] LSJ online: http://stephanus.tlg.uci.edu/lsj/#eid=1&context=lsj
• [2] LBG online: https://stephanus.tlg.uci.edu/lbg/#eid=1&context=lsj&login=true. On this lexicon see also http://www.oeaw.ac.at/byzanz/lex.htm
• [3] On the Tractatus de actionibus, cf. now J.-D. Rodríguez Martín, El Tratado De Actionibus y sus Apéndices, (Colección ciencia y pensamiento jurídico, 27), Santiago de Compostela 2016.
• [4] Regarding the Basilica cum scholiis, the revised edition closely follows the views of the German scholar A. Schminck (see below), and as a result strongly deviates from the original German edition.
• [5] Regarding the Basilica cum scholiis, Troianos, too, closely follows Schminck’s views. It should be noted that in May 2017, a German translation of Troianos’s monograph saw the light of day: Sp. Troianos, Die Quellen des byzantinischen Rechts, (Übersetzt von D. Simon / S. Neye), De Gruyter, Berlin 2017.
• [6] For different versions of the Basilica, however, see the section Sixty – forty – sixty books below.
• [7] These two volumes contain a large number of studies in German, several of which are listed separately in the present bibliography. Many of the individual contributions to the volumes contain references to and discussions of passages from the Basilica text and scholia.
• [8] Edition of the text of the Authenticum, in the right-hand column of every page, directly opposite the Greek text.
• [9] This volume lacks Haenel’s critical apparatus, etc., but it includes a very detailed index.
• [10] In their resp. apparatus of footnotes, the studies by Russo Ruggeri, Scarcella, and Terranova cited below contain extensive bibliographical references to Theophilus and his Paraphrasis Institutionum.